Trilinear chart classification method of mine water hazard type based on factors of water recharge
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摘要: 煤矿水害分区、矿井水害类型与水文地质类型等划分结果在矿井充水水源、充水通道等水害形成要素方面体现相对不足，对煤矿防治水工作指导性不强。本文从矿井水害形成的基本要素入手，通过分析矿井不同类型充水水源、充水通道及其组合条件下的矿井水害特点及其危害程度，将矿井充水水源按其富水程度与供给能力划分为缓渗式弱供给、涌溃式快供给、突涌式强供给和无阻滞式充分供给4种类型；将充水通道按照其渗流畅通性与空间尺寸划分为低渗流型、高渗流型、小断面自由流管道型、大断面自由流通道型4类充水通道；按不同充水水源与充水通道之间的组合关系，将矿井水害危害性程度划分为轻微、中等、严重与极严重4级，并借鉴Piper三线图与库尔洛夫式地下水水化学分析原理，绘制了矿井水害类型"4-4-4三线图"，提出了能简洁反映矿井关键充水要素与水害特征的矿井水害类型划分方法，为煤矿开展水害防治提供指导。Abstract: The results of the classification of hydrogeological types in coal mines are relatively inadequate to reflect the characteristics of water hazards such as water sources and water inrush channels. It is not very instructive to carry out water control work in coal mines starting from the basic elements of mine water hazard formation, this paper analyses the characteristics and harm degree of mine water hazard under different types of mine water sources, water inrush channels and their combination conditions, the water inrush source can be divided into 4 types according to its water-rich degree and supply capacity:weak supply of slow seepage, fast supply of gushing, strong supply of sudden outflow and non-blocking full supply. The channel of water inrush can be divided into 4 types according to its unblocked degree:low seepage flow, high seepage flow, small sectional free flow pipeline and large sectional free flow channel. Moreover, according to the combination relationship between different water source and water inrush channel, the mine water threat degree is divided into 4 grades:slight, medium, serious and extremely serious. Based on Piper's trilinear chart and Kurlov's principle of groundwater chemical analysis, this paper puts forward the method of water hazard type classification, disaster degree evaluation and the naming according to the "4-4-4" trilinear chart which is more instructive to mine water hazard prevention and control.
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