Multi-source information evaluation of mud and sand inrush disaster during the mining of deep-buried coal seam

The mud and sand inrush disaster during the mining of deep-buried coal seam is caused by the disintegration of the mudstone in the coal seam roof when meeting water. It is a comprehensive disaster due to concentrated underground mud and sand gush under mine pressure. The occurrence of such disaster is affected by many factors, such as aquifer, mine pressure, and geological structure, etc. This paper took Zhaojin coal mine in Huanglong coalfield as the study area, and discussed the mechanism of the disaster. Then the main controlling factors were identified, including water yield property of Luohe Formation aquifer, distance between coal roof and Luohe Formation aquifer, thickness of conglomerate in Yijun Formation, thickness of variegated mudstone above the coal seam, distance between coal roof and variegated mudstone, fault density, distribution of fold, coal seam thickness. The analytic hierarchy process was used to determine the weights of the main controlling factors, and the mathematical model for the risk assessment of the mud and sand inrush disaster in the coal seam roof was constructed. Then the thematic map of the main control factors was drawn. Based on the information fusion method, the factors were superimposed, and finally the disaster integrated zoning method of multi-source information fusion was formed. The research results show that the risk of disaster occurrence of ZF202 working face is high, which is in conformity to the “4·25” major disaster, indicating that the risk assessment model is reasonable, and the zoning results can be used to guide mining of Zhaojin coal mine and prevention and control of mud and sand inrush disaster.