Application of unmanned aerial vehicle in surface soil characterization and geological disaster monitoring in mining areas

With the emergence and development of UAVs and the improvement of the miniaturization and intelligence of various sensor, UAVs equipped with sensors have become an efficient tool for obtaining spatial data. Because UAVs are low cost, short revisit period, fast and efficient, light and flexible, simple operation, and high temporal and spatial accuracy of image acquisition, it is widely used in mining land damage monitoring. Using "UAV, Inversion, Soil Monitoring, Surface Collapse, Ground Fissure" as keywords, this paper summarizes the academic papers of the search system in the web of science, CNKI, and Google Scholar from January 2010 to May 2021. Through comparing and analyzing the differences between drone monitoring technology and other detection technologies, the drone monitoring of heavy metals, soil moisture content, and salt content in mining areas is reviewed. The general process and data processing methods of the measurement, surface subsidence, ground fissures and slope stability, and the application prospects of UAVs in surface soil characteristics and geological disaster monitoring in mining areas are summarized. It is believed that in the future, it is possible to integrate field time series tracking investigation, high-precision soil quality monitoring technology, high-spatial resolution drone monitoring technology, digital simulation methods, and test monitoring and analysis of typical working faces to study the coupling relationship between geohazards and soil quality evolution in the dynamic advancement of the working face from the open-off cut to the stop of mining. The coupled relationship is to construct a theoretical system and time series evolution model for the prediction of soil quality evolution in coal mining subsidence areas. This will further explore the relationship between soil quality in mining areas and geological disasters, and propose measures to mitigate, control and improve soil quality in mining areas, providing technical support for the coordinated and sustainable development of coal resource mining and ecological environment in China's coal production bases.