Optimization of regional advanced coal floor water hazard prevention and control technology and its application
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摘要: 为了进一步提高煤层底板水害区域超前治理技术的治理效果，应优化注浆工艺，扩大技术的应用范围。总结淮北矿区区域底板超前治理工程实践表明，低压扩散和中压加固阶段压力控制对注浆总量起主要控制作用，进而直接影响灰岩含水层改造效果，推导的不同岩溶裂隙发育程度地层的注浆量预计公式，可以有效指导注浆工程设计。此外，提出了工作面区域内、外双(钻)孔组的水平布设方法，优化注浆工艺的同时，提高了钻孔利用率。针对注浆工程中注浆压力控制及浆液选取等关键技术问题，建立了研究区裂隙发育程度的多源信息判识方法和“微压充填—低压扩散—中压加固—高压劈裂”的“阶段型”注浆压力控制模型，细分了不同注浆阶段的注浆浆液类型，推导了注浆压力的分级阈值和设计公式，实现了注浆压力的分区段高效、精准控制，对煤矿底板水害超前区域治理技术的应用与推广具有重要意义。Abstract: In order to optimize the grouting process, improve the effect of the technology, and promote its application, this paper presents an investigation on the application of the regional advanced coal floor water hazard prevention and control technology in Huaibei mining area. The investigation shows that the pressure control in low pressure diffusion and medium pressure strengthening stages plays a major role in controlling the total grouting volume, which directly affects the limestone aquifer reformation. The prediction formula for grouting volume for strata with different karst fractures can provide guidance to the grouting engineering design. In addition, the horizontal layout method of double drill hole group inside and outside the working face is put forward to optimize the grouting technology and improve the utilization rate of drilling holes. To address the key technical issues of grouting pressure control and grout selection, the multi-source information identification method of fracture development and the stage-grouting pressure control model are established, in which the slurry types for different grouting stages are divided, and the classification threshold and design formula of grouting pressure are proposed, making the grouting pressure control efficiently and accurately. It is of great significance for the application and promotion of the regional advanced coal floor water hazard prevention and control technology.
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图 3 朱庄煤矿Ⅲ632工作面钻孔位置
Fig. 3 Layout of borehole location in working faceⅢ632 in Zhuzhuang Coal Mine
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图 4 阶段型注浆压力下注浆量控制曲线
Fig. 4 Duration curve of grouting volume control on grouting pressure stages
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图 5 裂隙发育不同程度下注浆量变化关系曲线
Fig. 5 Variation of grouting volume at different levels of fracture development
表 1 不同注浆阶段浆液类型
Table 1 Grout types in different grouting pressure stages
注浆阶段 浆液类型 浆液比重 可注性 微压充填 粉煤灰–水泥混浆 1.3~1.5 极强 低压扩散 粉煤灰–水泥混浆 1.3~1.5 较强 中压加固 粉煤灰–水泥混浆 1.5~1.6 一般 高压劈裂 水泥纯浆 1.6 差 
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