The relationship between continental chemical weathering trends in the North China Basin and the Late Carboniferous-Early Permian high-latitude glacial cycles
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摘要: 【目的和方法】 晚古生代冰室期(LPIA；ca. 360~254 Ma)是地质历史时期唯一有记录冰室向温室过渡的时期，可以为冰川-环境-气候的协同演化和未来气候变化提供深时视角。为了深入理解晚石炭世-早二叠世低纬度地区大陆化学风化趋势和高纬度冈瓦纳地区冰川旋回之间的潜在联系，以华北盆地柳江煤田本溪组-太原组的泥岩为研究对象，利用由泥岩的元素地球化学数据计算得到的多种化学风化指标(CIA、CIW和 PIA)，重建柳江煤田的大陆化学风化趋势和古气候演变特征。【结果】 结果显示，低纬度柳江煤田的大陆化学风化作用的周期性变化，包括巴什基尔阶早-中期、莫斯科阶-卡西莫夫阶、阿瑟尔阶早期的3个风化减弱阶段和巴什基尔阶晚期、格舍尔阶的2个风化增强阶段。这种风化趋势的循环交替与高纬度冈瓦纳大陆的冰川旋回密切相关：风化趋势的减弱阶段代表了气候条件向相对凉爽干燥转变，这几乎与高纬度冰期同步，而风化趋势的增强阶段则代表了气候条件向相对温暖湿润的变化，这与高纬度间冰期同步。对比分析发现，间冰期内火山活动频发、大气CO2浓度升高、气候变暖、水文循环增强、海平面上升，共同促进了热带雨林面积缩减和大陆化学风化作用增强，为铝土矿的发育创造了有利条件；而冰期内火山活动减弱、气候变凉、CO2浓度减少、雨林面积扩张，导致大陆风化作用减弱，有利于煤和富有机质泥岩形成。【结论】 研究结果揭示了低纬度华北盆地大陆化学风化趋势与高纬度冈瓦纳冰川旋回和沉积矿产(如煤、铝土矿)分布之间的联系，为理解地质历史时期冰川-环境-气候的复杂相互作用机制提供了新视角。Abstract: [Objective and Methods] Late Paleozoic glacial period (LPIA; ca. 360~254 Ma) is the only recorded transition from ice chamber to greenhouse in geological history, which can provide a deep temporal perspective on glacier-environment-climate coevolution and future climate change. In order to deeply understand the potential relationship between the continental chemical weathering trend in the Late Carboniferous-Early Permian low-latitude region and the glacial cycle in the high-latitude Gondwana region, the mudstone of the Benxi-Taiyuan Formation in the Liujiang coalfield of the North China Basin was taken as the research object, and the multiple chemical weathering indicators (CIA, CIW and PIA) calculated from elemental geochemical data of mudstones were used to reconstruct the continental chemical weathering trend and paleoclimatic evolution characteristics of the Liujiang coalfield. [Results] The results show that the periodic changes of continental chemical weathering in the low-latitude Liujiang coalfield include three weathering weakening stages in the early-middle Bashkir Stage, Moscovites-Kasimov Stage, and early Asshur Stage, and two weathering enhancement stages in the late Bashkir and Geschel stages. This cyclic alternation of weathering trends is closely related to the glacial cycles of the high-latitude Gondwana continent: the downward phase of the weathering trend represents a transition from climatic conditions to relatively cool and dry, which is almost synchronized with the high-latitude glacial period, while the upward phase of the weathering trend represents a change in climatic conditions towards relatively warm and humid, which coincides with the interglacial period at high latitudes. Through comparative analysis, it is found that the frequent volcanic activity, the increase of atmospheric CO2 concentration, climate warming, the enhancement of the hydrological cycle and the rise of sea level during the interglacial period jointly promote the reduction of tropical rainforest area and the enhancement of continental chemical weathering, which creates favorable conditions for the development of bauxite, while the weakening of volcanic activity, cooling climate, reduction of CO2 concentration and expansion of rainforest area during the glacial period lead to the weakening of continental weathering, which is conducive to the formation of coal and organicrich mudstone. [Conclusions] Study results reveals the relationship between the trend of continental chemical weathering in the North China Basin at low latitudes and the distribution of glacial cycles and sedimentary minerals (such as coal and bauxite) in the Gondwana glacier at high latitudes, which provides a new perspective for understanding the complex interaction mechanism of glacier-environment-climate in geological history.
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Keywords:
- Late Paleozoic /
- North China Basin /
- chemical weathering /
- CIA /
- glacial period /
- interglacial period
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