Abstract: Datian-Zhangping area, Fujian Province, is located in the east coast Pacific tectonic belt, magmatic hydrothermal processes and complex tectonic deformation patterns in different periods provide favorable conditions for the formation of abundant graphite deposits in this area. In order to find out the metallogenic control factors and distribution law of coal-based graphite in Datian-Zhangping area, through proximate analysis, elemental analysis, X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy, the graphitization characteristics of coal and coal-based graphite with different metamorphic degree in different mining areas were studied. The samples with different deformation characteristics were divided into three types: coal-based graphite, coal-based semi-graphite and graphitized anthracite. The results show that the deformation characteristics of coal are basically consistent with the evolution type of coal-based graphite, and the graphitization degree of ductile deformation samples is the highest, indicating that tectonic stress can promote the graphitization of coal; The distribution of coal-based graphite is controlled by magmatic-tectonic activity, graphite deposits tend to intrude from magmatic rocks into favorable surrounding rocks in external contact zones or adjacent fault zones, and the graphite deposits of coal-based graphite in Datian-Zhangping area have obvious characteristics of zonational distribution, the coal-based graphite mining areas are mainly concentrated in Zhangping area in the south of south-western Fujian depression, the graphitization degree of ore bodies in Datian area in the north is lower than that in Zhangping area, and most of them are coal-based semi graphite or graphitized anthracite. The results can provide a favorable basis for the comprehensive exploration, exploitation and utilization in this area.