Production characteristics of deep coalbed methane gas reservoirs in Daning-Jixian Block and its development technology countermeasures
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摘要: 鄂尔多斯盆地埋深超过2 000 m的深层煤层气资源丰富，是煤层气勘探开发重要领域，鄂尔多斯盆地东缘大宁−吉县区块开展了一批深层煤层气工艺试验，初步取得一定效果，但规模效益开发主体技术亟待攻关。基于实验分析、生产数据和裂缝监测等资料，通过对大宁−吉县区块深层煤层气储层特征、生产动态和压裂改造效果开展评价，分析了深层煤层气生产特征并提出开发技术对策。研究认为：(1) 深层煤储层具有“低渗、高含气、高含气饱和度、富含游离气”的特征；(2) 深层煤层气产能主要受资源富集、微构造和有效改造规模控制，在正向微构造发育区，资源越富集、加液强度越大、加砂强度越大，越有利于扩大供气能力和提高单井产量；(3) 深层煤层气生产井呈现出以游离气产出为主的高产期、游离气和吸附气共同产出的稳产及递减期和以吸附气产出为主的低产期三段式产出特征。基于上述认识，提出了深层煤层气开发技术对策，实施的D6-7P1井取得较好生产效果，证实在有利区实施超大规模加砂压裂可有效提高深层煤层气产能。Abstract: The Ordos Basin is rich in deep coalbed methane resources with a depth of more than 2 000 m, which is an important coalbed methane exploration and development area. A number of tests on deep coalbed methane have been carried out in Daning-Jixian Block, and preliminary results have been achieved, but the main technology of scale-efficient development needs to be studied. On the basis of the analysis of experimental data, production data and fracture monitoring data, and by the evaluation of the characteristics, production performance and fracturing effect of deep coalbed methane reservoirs in Daning-Jixian Block, the production characteristics of deep coalbed methane are analyzed and development countermeasures are proposed. The research indicates that ① Deep coal reservoirs have the characteristics of low permeability, high gas content, high gas saturation and rich free gas. ② The productivity of deep coalbed methane is mainly controlled by resource enrichment, micro-structure and effective fracturing scale. In the positive micro-structure development area, the richer the resources, the greater the fluid strength, and the greater the sand strength, the more conducive to expand the gas supply capacity and improve the single well production. ③ The production wells of deep coalbed methane are characterized by three-stage production: the high production period dominated by free gas production, the stable and decline period where free gas and adsorbed gas are produced together, and the low production period dominated by adsorbed gas production. The technology countermeasures for deep coalbed methane development are put forward based on the above, and the implementation of D6-7P1 well has achieved good production effect, which confirms that the implementation of super large-scale sand fracturing in favorable areas can effectively improve the production capacity of deep coalbed methane.
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图 1 大宁−吉县区块构造带分布
Fig. 1 Distribution map of the structural belt of Daning-Jixian Block
图 3 大宁−吉县区块深层煤层气平均生产曲线
Fig. 3 Average production curve of deep coalbed methane in Daning-Jixian Block
图 4 深层煤层气稳产期累产气量与煤层厚度、含气量及资源丰度的关系
Fig. 4 Relationship between cumulative gas production and coal seam thickness, gas content and resource abundance during stable production period of deep coalbed methane
图 5 深层煤层气日产气量与资源丰度的关系
Fig. 5 Relationship between daily gas production and resource abundance of deep coalbed methane
图 6 加液强度与日产气量散点图
Fig. 6 Scatter plot of liquid addition intensity and daily gas production
图 10 深层煤层气井预测典型生产曲线
Fig. 10 Prediction of typical production curves for deep coalbed methane wells
表 1 大宁−吉县地区深层8号煤等温吸附测试数据
Table 1 Isothermal adsorption test data of the No. 8 deep coal seam in Daning-Jixian Block
样品号 储层
压力/
MPaLangmuir
体积/
(m3·t−1)Langmuir
压力/
MPa实测含气量/
(m3·t−1)理论含气量/
(m3·t−1)含气
饱和度/%取心
方式P22-Y1 19.82 28.53 2.86 24.68 24.93 99.01 常规钻杆取心 P22-Y2 19.85 24.94 3.70 20.61 21.02 98.04 D3-4-Y1 20.39 27.09 2.91 23.45 23.72 98.88 D3-4-Y2 20.42 27.77 3.15 23.81 24.06 98.97 D3-4-Y3 20.44 27.93 2.70 24.38 24.67 98.82 P19-Y1 19.64 25.72 2.55 19.82 22.76 87.07 H12-Y1 19.87 35.47 4.02 29.59 29.50 100.00 P20-Y1 — — — 19.76 — — 平均 20.06 28.21 3.13 23.26 24.38 97.26 P20-Y2 20.47 31.47 3.21 29.89 27.20 109.89 保压取心 P20-Y3 20.47 28.65 3.25 22.87 24.73 92.48 P20-Y4 20.48 32.83 3.46 23.72 28.09 84.44 P20-Y5 20.49 29.39 3.22 25.11 25.40 98.86 平均 20.48 30.59 3.29 25.40 26.36 96.42 
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表 2 大宁−吉县地区深层8号煤总含气数据
Table 2 Total gas content data of the No. 8 deep coal seam in Daning Jixian Block
样品号 质量/
g密度/
(g·cm−3)体积/
cm3孔隙率/
%含水饱
和度/
%原始天然气
体积系数Bg游离气含量/
(m3·t−1)实测含气
量/
(m3·t−1)总含气量/
(m3·t−1)P20-Y3 1850 1.38 1340.58 6.81 7.74 0.003751 12.14 22.87 35.01 P20-Y4 1950 1.36 1433.82 5.95 10.03 0.003751 10.49 23.72 34.21 P20-Y5 1795 1.35 1329.63 6.13 13.50 0.003751 10.47 25.11 35.58
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表 3 8号煤渗透率测试结果
Table 3 Permeability test results for the No. 8 coal seam
井号 样品深度/m 渗透率/10−3 μm2 裂隙发育情况 测试方法 D40 1866.00 0.053 注入/压降测试 D7-5 2233.00 0.054 P19 2117.62 0.004 裂隙不发育 克氏渗透率 H12 2141.72 0.030 H13 2254.17 0.271 2257.32 0.008 H15 2405.30 0.018 2409.94 0.005 H3 2168.00 0.009 H4 2167.00 0.013 平均 2202.01 0.047 P22-1 2141.00 1.142 裂隙发育 H7 2283.16 1.401 H9 2336.93 1.749 H2 2230.18 0.318 平均 2247.82 1.153
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表 4 深层煤层气井压裂裂缝监测结果
Table 4 Monitoring results of fracturing fractures in deep coalbed methane wells
井号 缝长/m 缝宽/m 改造面积/m2 D2-2AX2 310 100 24 335 D52 310 160 38 936 D43 350 140 38 465 D3-7X2 320 80 20 096 平均 322.5 120 30 458
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表 5 深层煤层气井EUR预测
Table 5 EUR prediction of deep coalbed methane wells
井号 2021年11月底
日产气量/m3累产气量/
104 m3单井EUR/
104 m3D3-7X2 1 309 199 311 D4-8X1 632 46 84 D52 1 529 85 269 D6-10X1 2 394 180 496 D7-5 4 350 199 817 平均 1 760.6 115 395
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