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煤矿井下大盘区瓦斯抽采定向钻进技术与装备

许超 姜磊 陈盼 张迪

许超,姜磊,陈盼,等. 煤矿井下大盘区瓦斯抽采定向钻进技术与装备[J]. 煤田地质与勘探,2022,50(4):147−152. doi: 10.12363/issn.1001-1986.21.06.0348
引用本文: 许超,姜磊,陈盼,等. 煤矿井下大盘区瓦斯抽采定向钻进技术与装备[J]. 煤田地质与勘探,2022,50(4):147−152. doi: 10.12363/issn.1001-1986.21.06.0348
XU Chao,JIANG Lei,CHEN Pan,et al. Directional drilling technology and equipment for gas drainage in large panel of underground coal mines[J]. Coal Geology & Exploration,2022,50(4):147−152. doi: 10.12363/issn.1001-1986.21.06.0348
Citation: XU Chao,JIANG Lei,CHEN Pan,et al. Directional drilling technology and equipment for gas drainage in large panel of underground coal mines[J]. Coal Geology & Exploration,2022,50(4):147−152. doi: 10.12363/issn.1001-1986.21.06.0348

煤矿井下大盘区瓦斯抽采定向钻进技术与装备

doi: 10.12363/issn.1001-1986.21.06.0348
基金项目: 中国煤炭科工集团有限公司科技创新创业资金专项项目(2018ZD004)
详细信息
    第一作者:

    许超,1982生,男,陕西西安人,硕士,研究员,从事钻探工艺技术研发与推广工作. E-mail:xuchao@cctegxian.com

  • 中图分类号: TD712

Directional drilling technology and equipment for gas drainage in large panel of underground coal mines

  • 摘要: 以顺煤层超长定向钻孔组覆盖整个工作面,对矿井大盘区瓦斯进行采前预抽是区域瓦斯治理的新模式。从大盘区瓦斯抽采顺煤层超长定向钻孔施工工艺出发,介绍了顺煤层超长定向钻孔成孔的几大关键技术,包括钻孔递进式轨迹延伸技术、复合钻进轨迹控制技术、水力加压减阻钻进技术、正反扭转减阻钻进技术及复合侧钻分支技术等。还介绍了顺煤层超长定向钻孔施工的主要配套装备,包括ZDY15000LD大功率定向钻机、BLY460/13泥浆泵车、YHD3-3000泥浆脉冲测量系统、无缆大通孔钻杆、水力加压螺杆马达等。利用该技术与装备在保德矿二盘区进行了工程示范应用,应用结果表明,该套工艺技术与装备具备施工长度超过3 300 m顺煤层超长定向钻孔能力。最后对瓦斯抽采效果进行了分析,结果显示超长定向钻孔抽采周期长,抽采量高,可以对大盘区瓦斯进行超前综合治理。

     

  • 图  递进式轨迹延伸钻进技术

    Fig. 1  Schematic diagram of progressive trajectory extension drilling technique

    图  复合钻进轨迹控制钻具

    Fig. 2  Composite drill path control tool

    图  水力加压螺杆原理

    Fig. 3  Schematic diagram of hydraulic pressure screw

    图  正反扭转钻进原理

    Fig. 4  Forward and reverse torsional drilling schematic

    图  钻场位置

    Fig. 5  Drilling field location

    图  大盘区瓦斯抽采钻孔实钻轨迹

    Fig. 6  The actual drilling track of gas extraction drilling in large panel

    图  日抽采量与抽采天数变化情况

    Fig. 7  Variation of daily extraction amount and days of extraction

    表  1  ZDY15000LD钻机主要技术参数

    Table  1  Main technical parameters of ZDY15000LD drilling rig

    性能参数
    额定转矩/(N·m)15 000
    额定转速/(r·min−1)50~150
    额定压力/MPa28
    制动转矩/(N·m)3 000
    最大给进、起拔力/kN30
    给进、起拔行程/mm1 200
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  BLY460/13泥浆泵车主要技术参数

    Table  2  Main technical parameters of BLY460/13 mud pump truck

    性能参数
    额定流量/(L·min−1)460
    额定压力/MPa13
    进水口直径/mm76
    出水口直径/mm32
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  YHD3-3000T探管主要技术参数

    Table  3  Main technical parameters of YHD3-3000T probe tube

    性能参数
    传输距离/m≥3 000
    倾角允许误差/(°)±0.2
    方位允许误差/(°)±1.5
    工具面允许误差/(°)±1.5
    适应排量/(L·min−1)90~300
    工作时间/d≥30
    最高承压/MPa≥12
    泥浆信号强度/MPa≥0.1
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  ø89 mm无缆大通孔钻杆主要技术参数

    Table  4  Main technical parameters of ø89 mm unwired large hole drill pipe

    性能参数
    抗扭能力/(N·m)≥36 000
    抗拉能力/kN≥1 300
    杆体内通径/mm78
    接头内通径/mm58
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  5  ø89 mm水力加压螺杆马达主要技术参数

    Table  5  Main technical parameters of 89 mm hydraulic pressure screw motor

    性能参数
    头数7∶8
    级数5
    定子长度/m2.1
    转子长度/m1.85
    排量/(L·min−1)300~460
    转速/(r·min−1)90~126
    工作转矩/(N·m)804
    最大转矩/(N·m)1 206
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  6  顺煤层超长定向钻孔信息

    Table  6  Demonstration of ultra-long directional drilling along coal seam

    主孔深
    度/m
    总孔
    深/m
    孔径/
    mm
    分支孔纯钻时
    间/d
    复合钻进
    比例/%
    日均进
    尺/m
    探顶
    次数
    探底
    次数
    2 311 3 094 120 15 0 18 65.0 172
    2 570 3 164 120 8 4 16 76.0 198
    3 353 4 428 120 10 3 21 91.5 210
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2021-06-28
  • 修回日期:  2021-11-05
  • 发布日期:  2022-04-25
  • 网络出版日期:  2022-04-12

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