突水矿井动水巷道骨料灌注截流可视化平台研制与试验研究

牟林

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-1986.2021.05.017

突水矿井动水巷道骨料灌注截流可视化平台研制与试验研究

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1986.2021.05.017

牟林^{1, 2,}

基金项目:

国家重点研发计划课题 2017YFC0804106

中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司科技创新基金项目 2019XAYMS22

详细信息

第一作者:
牟林，1985年生，男，湖北松滋人，博士，副研究员，从事煤矿水害防治研究工作. E-mail：258323938@qq.com

中图分类号: TD741
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- 文章访问数: 131
- HTML全文浏览量: 18
- PDF下载量: 24
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-03-30
- 修回日期: 2021-07-06
- 发布日期: 2021-10-25
- 网络出版日期: 2021-11-06

Experimental study on visual system for water-blocking process of hydrodynamic roadway by aggregate pouring in water inrush mine

MOU Lin^{1, 2
,}

摘要

摘要: 通过骨料灌注法进行动水巷道截流堵水是矿井淹没后进行救援和复矿的重要方法。为研究骨料灌注截流堵水机理，基于水头高度、流速、巷道尺寸、倾角、糙度、骨料粒径、灌注速度等因素建立大型骨料灌注截流试验平台，并依托平台进行单孔、多孔灌注试验，分析动水巷道骨料运移堆积规律。结果表明：骨料正常灌注期间堆积体具有向下游运移生长的特性，迎水面和背水面由涡流控制的坡脚形态存在差异化现象；低流速条件下骨料会快速接顶且孔间存在空腔，高流速条件下孔间堆积体逐渐接龙、灌注量在下游相互叠加；残余过水通道沿截面呈U形分布，存在扰流接顶效应、空气掏蚀效应、堵孔效应、溃坝冲刷效应等典型动力学现象；结合解析法和数值法，对骨料颗粒的起动速度及典型现象进行计算和模拟，验证了试验平台的可靠性；通过浆液灌注实验验证浆液配比和骨料粒径对注浆效果存在重要影响，浆液在骨料堆积体中存在“上多下少”的空间分带性。试验平台的研制对截流堵水工程技术优化具有指导意义。
- 动水巷道 /
- 突水 /
- 骨料灌注 /
- 截流 /
- 试验平台 /
- 可视化
Abstract: Blocking water of hydrodynamic roadway by aggregate pouring in water inrush mines is an important method for mine rescue. To study its mechanism, the experimental platform of similar simulation test was established based on such factors as water head height, flow rate, roadway size, inclination angle, roughness, aggregate particle size and perfusion speed. Based on the platform, single-hole and multi-hole pouring tests were carried out to analyze the movement and accumulation law of aggregate in hydrodynamic pathway. The results are as follows. Firstly, the accumulation body has the characteristics of migration and growth to the downstream during the normal pouring period, and the formation mechanism of the slope shape of the upstream and downstream is confirmed. Under the condition of low flow rate, the aggregate will connect to the top in a rapid speed and there are cavities between the holes. Under the condition of high flow rate, the accumulation body between the holes will gradually connect and the pouring volume will be superimposed on each other downstream. Secondly, several typical phenomena are found, including the U-shaped distribution characteristics of the residual water passage, the disturbing flow top effect in the rough roadway, the air erosion effect, the hole plugging effect, and the dam break scouring effect. Thirdly, combined with analytical method and numerical method, the reliability of the test platform is verified from the starting speed of aggregate particles and the key phenomena in the process of aggregate accumulation. Finally, by a slurry grouting test, it is proved that the slurry ratio and the size of aggregate particles have a great influence on the grouting effect, and that the slurry has spatial zoning in the aggregate accumulation. The test platform has a guiding significance for the optimization of water-blocking engineering technology.
- hydrodynamic pathway /
- water inrush /
- aggregate pouring /
- water-blocking /
- testing platform /
- visualization

HTML全文

图 1 阻水墙施工过程

Fig. 1 Construction process of water blocking wall

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图 2 突水及治理模型

Fig. 2 Diagram of water inrush and control model

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图 3 试验平台系统功能分区

1—可变水位定水头水箱；2—流量表；3—压力传感器；4—升降调节装置；5—骨料灌注料斗；6—进料孔；7—数据采集设备；8—计算机；9—循环水泵；10—照相机；11—模拟巷道系统；12—进水口；13—备用孔

Fig. 3 Functional zoning of test platform system

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图 4 平台装配情况及糙度模拟装置

Fig. 4 Platform assembly and roughness simulation device

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图 5 粒径1~2 mm与0.1~0.2 mm骨料在不同坡度堆积形态的演化过程

Fig. 5 Accumulation morphology evolution of 1-2 mm and 0.1-0.2 mm particle size in different gradient

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图 6 迎水与背水坡面形态(0.2~0.4 mm)

Fig. 6 Morphology of upstream and downstream slope (0.2-0.4 mm)

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图 7 孔间接龙及灌注量叠加效应

Fig. 7 Connection between holes and superposition effect of pouring volume

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图 8 光滑型巷道残余过水通道空间形态

Fig. 8 Morphology of residual water passage in smooth pathway

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图 9 粗糙型巷道残余过水通道空间形态

Fig. 9 Morphology of residual water passage in rough pathway

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图 10 空气进入后对流场及堆积形态的影响

Fig. 10 Transformation of flow field and accumulation morphology after air entering

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图 11 沙粒的吸水聚团作用及孔底堵孔现象

Fig. 11 Water absorption cluster phenomenon and hole plugging at the bottom

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图 12 下游主动放水卸压瞬间的水动力学现象

Fig. 12 Hydrodynamic phenomena during downstream pressure relief

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图 13 上下游水头差响应过程曲线

Fig. 13 Water head difference curves during aggregate perfusion

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图 14 骨料灌注过程现象的数值模拟

Fig. 14 Numerical simulation of aggregate pouring process

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图 15 各阶段流态空间分布特征

Fig. 15 Flow pattern distribution in different stages

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图 16 水泥浆液在骨料中的渗透现象

Fig. 16 Penetration of cement slurry in aggregate

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表 1 相似模型参数取值

Table 1 Calculation parameter of similitude model

相似类型	项目	相似比
几何相似	长度	0.05
几何相似	糙度	0或0.05
运动相似	速度	0.22
	时间	0.23
	流量	5.5×10^–4
	运动黏度	1
动力相似	压强	0.05
	密度	1
	动力黏度	1
重力相似	重力加速度	1
重力相似	重力	1.25×10^–4
压力相似	压力	1.25×10^–4

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表 2 不同工况下残余通道流速统计

Table 2 Residual channel velocity under different working conditions

粒径/mm	起动流速v/(m·s^–1)	倾斜角度(向上流动为正)
		–8°				0°				8°
		d_icm	m_i/(kg·s^–1)	Q/(m·s^–1)	v/(m·s^–1)	d_i/cm	m_i/(kg·s^–1)	Q/(m·s^–1)	v/(m·s^–1)	d_i/cm	m_i/(kg·s^–1)	Q/(m·s^–1)	v/(m·s^–1)
2~4	0.36~0.70	3.2	0.016	13.5	0.59	2.71	0.016	13.0	0.67	2.50	0.016	13.5	0.75
1~2	0.3~0.55	2.69	0.019	12.0	0.62	2.27	0.019	12.0	0.73	2.30	0.019	13.0	0.79
0.5~1.0	0.25~0.42	3.07	0.026	12.5	0.57	2.99	0.022	13.5	0.63	2.83	0.044	14.7	0.72
0.2~0.4	0.20~0.34	3.36	0.080	13.5	0.56	3.20	0.070	13.0	0.56	3.31	0.075	15.0	0.63
0.1~0.2	0.20~0.28	4.43	0.085	13.5	0.42	4.06	0.093	12.5	0.43	3.05	0.096	14.0	0.64
注：画下横线数据为射流工况下的结果。

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