贾慧敏, 胡秋嘉, 祁空军, 刘春春, 樊彬, 何军. 高阶煤煤层气直井低产原因分析及增产措施[J]. 煤田地质与勘探, 2019, 47(5): 104-110. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1986.2019.05.014
引用本文: 贾慧敏, 胡秋嘉, 祁空军, 刘春春, 樊彬, 何军. 高阶煤煤层气直井低产原因分析及增产措施[J]. 煤田地质与勘探, 2019, 47(5): 104-110. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1986.2019.05.014
JIA Huimin, HU Qiujia, QI Kongjun, LIU Chunchun, FAN Bin, HE Jun. Reasons of low yield and stimulation measures for vertical CBM wells in high-rank coal[J]. COAL GEOLOGY & EXPLORATION, 2019, 47(5): 104-110. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1986.2019.05.014
Citation: JIA Huimin, HU Qiujia, QI Kongjun, LIU Chunchun, FAN Bin, HE Jun. Reasons of low yield and stimulation measures for vertical CBM wells in high-rank coal[J]. COAL GEOLOGY & EXPLORATION, 2019, 47(5): 104-110. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1986.2019.05.014

高阶煤煤层气直井低产原因分析及增产措施

Reasons of low yield and stimulation measures for vertical CBM wells in high-rank coal

  • 摘要: 我国煤层气井普遍产量低、开发效果差,主要原因是增产改造措施与地质条件匹配性差。通过分析沁水盆地南部郑庄区块直井的低产原因,提出针对性增产措施,并分析相关措施的增产机理及地质适应性,优化增产措施施工参数,并开展实践验证。研究和实践结果表明,埋深大的地区,裂缝开启困难,实施重复压裂可使裂缝转向并增加裂缝长度,增产效果较好。为了充分释放应力,实现裂缝偏转,重复压裂前排采时间至少应在1 000 d以上,重复压裂施工应降低支撑剂用量,且细砂应分段加入;碎裂煤-碎粒煤整体发育的煤层,直接压裂时裂缝延伸较短,实施间接顶板压裂可获得高产,压裂层位顶界至煤层顶板间隔距离为0.5~1.5 m,压裂液排量为5.0~5.5 m3/min,射孔段长度为1.5~2.0 m,单位射孔层段压裂液量为200~300 m3/m时增产效果最好;天然裂缝发育区,实施投球压裂实现裂缝转向,可大幅提高产量,该工艺适应于施工压力下降且低于15 MPa、日产水量为2~5 m3的低产井,其增产措施为先实施以细砂为主的小型预压裂封堵原裂缝,然后投球封堵部分原射孔孔眼,双重封堵可大幅提高重复压裂时的施工压力,形成新裂缝。研究成果对高煤阶煤层气井低产原因分析及增产治理具有指导和借鉴作用。

     

    Abstract: The CBM production is usually low and development effect is poor in China, which are mainly due to the poor adaptability of the stimulation measures to the geological conditions. This article, based on the low-yield reasons for vertical CBM wells in Zhengzhuang block in southern Qinshui basin, puts forth corresponding stimulation measures, analyzes the mechanism and the geological adaptability, optimizes the parameters of specific stimulation measures and carries out pilot test. The research and practices show that in deeply buried area, fractures are difficult to form, and re-fracturing technology can make the fracture turn and increase the crack length, which has better stimulation. In order to fully release the stress and increase the deflection degree of the fractures, the extraction time before re-fracturing should be at least 1 000 d, and the amount of proppants should be reduced in the fracturing operation. It is important for the fine sand to be added in sections, in order to plug the fractures made by former fracturing. When the cataclastic coal or broken coal develops overall in coal seams, hydraulic-fractures cannot extend far to have high productions, and the implement of indirect roof-fracturing improves the development performance. And the optimized parameters are as follows:the distance between the coal seam and the new perforation interval in the roof formation is between 0.5 m and 1.5 m. The injection rate of fracturing fluid is better between 5 m3/min and 5.5 m3/min and the better perforation interval is between 1.5 m and 2 m. While the fracturing fluid volume for per-perforation-interval is better between 200 m3/m and 300 m3/m. In natural greatly developed fractures zones, the implementation of ball-off fracturing can dramatically improve the production, which is suitable for the wells having falling fracturing pressure curves and the values below15 MPa. And the optimized water production rate per day is between 2 m3 and 5 m3. The stimulation measure is that before ball-off fracturing, a small pre-fracturing with fine sand is necessary in order to block the original fractures and to improve injection pressure to create new fractures. This paper has significant introduction meaning on the reason analysis and the stimulation measures for high rank coalbed methane reservoir.

     

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