Abstract: The distribution and mode of occurrence of Sr and Ba are important to study the coal seam coal-forming palaeosedimentary environment and coal clean utilization. The distribution and mode of occurrence of Sr and Ba in the 24 main mined seams from 5 coal mines in Hengshan were studied using proximate analysis, ultimate analysis, mineral constituent analysis, correlation analysis, and sequential extraction experiment. 75% coal sample were ultra-low ash coal. The total sulfur content of about 96% coals was more than 1%. Kaolinite, pyrite and calcite were main mineral composition in the studied coals. Sr and Ba were enriched in more than 75% coals, and the content of Sr and Ba was higher in the north than in the south of the study area. All results showed that Sr and Ba were mainly carried by celestite, barite, strontium, witherite, calcite and aragonite in the studied coals. The occurrence of mineral containing Sr and Ba in the coal seam causes the enrichment of Sr and Ba.