Abstract: Using seismic physical model and from the spectrum patterns, amplitude, frequency and AVO characteristics of seismic records of low and high incident frequency, the paper analyzed the influence of incident frequency on seismic response characteristics for thin alternating layers in coal measures. It shows that the incident frequency is sensitive to the variation of the number of alternating layers, the amplitude and spectrum patterns of high frequency incidence can resolve small thickness and have higher resolution, the amplitude spectrum and frequency values are related to the ratio of the thickness of a thin alternating layer and wavelength, and with the increase of the thickness, its variation rule is in accordance with the tuning rule of the amplitude and frequency. For different incident frequency, the AVO curve characteristics are different. In seismic interpretation and AVO analysis of thin alternating layers, we should fully consider the differences caused by the incident frequency.