Abstract: Abundant coal resources exist in Middle Jurassic Yan'an Formation in Chicheng coal field. It is of guiding significance to study the geological structural control on coal in Chicheng coal field for coal exploration. The distribution regularity of coal seams and coal measures in the study area has been controlled by basement structure and synsedimentary structure and transformation of late tectonic activity. Under their influence the coal measures strata and coal seams have belt distribution along the northwest-southeast direction in both sides of Lianglong anticline and the secondary depression of Chicheng syncline, their distribution and buried depth have been controlled by secondary structures such as fault and fold, coal seams and coal measures are characterized by being shallow in the north and the east, deep in the south and the west. So both sides of Lianglong anticline and the secondary depressions of Chicheng syncline are the key areas for future coal searching.