Abstract: Artificial fish swarm algorithm is a new kind of intelligent bionic algorithm.This paper uses the Sweden method of slices as the data model for slope stability analysis. A new searching method for slope stability analysis is presented. The method uses the artificial fish-swarm algorithm based on simulated annealing algorithm to search the critical failure surface and minimum safety factor. This method can overcome the disadvantages of traditional optimization method such as easy to fall into local extreme points with high accuracy, applicability, and can get a more accurate global optimal solution. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of the new approach are verified by practical problem. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is significantly superior to original AFSA and the traditional calculation method as well as GA algorithm with wide application.