Abstract: Temperature is one of the important factors for biological methane generation. Under laboratory conditions, the simulation of biological methane generation experiments with different temperatures have been carried out. And through detection of components and volume fraction during different reaction phases, the effect of temperature on methane production of low rank coals was discussed. The experimental results show that the concentration of the biological methane has been the largest at 35, then decreased at 45 and 55; With the℃℃℃ further reaction, generation of methane gas content became higher (11.4% to 65.71%) and the content of carbon dioxide tended to reduce (from 30.59% to 15.37%).