Abstract: Aiming at the influence of coal mining on regional hydrogeology and destruction of groundwater resources, the paper discussed the theoretical basis, major influencing factors and research status of roof water-preserved mining in coal mines, introduced the successful experience in Yuyang mining area. The research results indicated that on the basis of key layer theory, influence of mining on strata displacement, layer separation regularity, water seepage regularity in fracture rocks, through reservation of water-resisting pillars, backfill mining and reinforcement by grouting, the control of the development of water-conducting fracture zone, separation and rupture of water-resisting key layer, phreatic water seepage velocity is the radical method to solve the problem of the destruction of water resources during coal production and has good social and economical benefits.