Abstract: Jurassic coal in NW China is named as "coal with good quality" with huge reserve and perfect coal quality, mostly with low ash content and low sulfur content.The coal petrology and its geological controlling factors are discussed.For example the coals in Aiweier, Fukang and other mining areas in Xinjiang Autonomous Region can be used in coking.The direct coal liquefaction has achieved success in Shenhua.Coal derived oil has been recognized in Tuha Basin.However, this type of coal has specific coal composition and chemical technological properties, especially the middle Jurassic coal is quite rich in inertinite but very poor in mineral.The kind of coal is largely different from Carboniferous-Permian coal in eastern China and foreign "Gondwanic coal".Jurassic coal in NW China is the product of large-scale inland-type basin evolution with unique coal types.Most of Jurassic coal in NW China belongs to low-metamorphism bituminous coal, with small-scale medium and high-metamorphism bituminous coal and non-bituminous coal in local area with a mining point of lignite.The research on related coal metamorphism types should be strengthened.The further and systematic study of coal geology, coal petrology and chemistry will be very important for the future clean and high-efficiency utilization of Jurassic coal in NW China with huge reserve.The research on organic component evolution in the metamorphism process and the specialty of metamorphism type will have scientific and guiding meanings on high-efficiency and rational utilization of Jurassic coal in NW China.The research on Jurassic coal in NW China will also enrich the traditional academic viewpoints, with important meaning in the formation of realistic coal geology theories that are more suitable for the reality in China.