新近系保德组沉积薄弱区红土阻水性能及其资源开发意义

曾一凡; 包函; 武强; 孟世豪; 华照来; 苗彦平; 张晔; 卜文扬

doi:10.12363/issn.1001-1986.23.03.0156

新近系保德组沉积薄弱区红土阻水性能及其资源开发意义

doi: 10.12363/issn.1001-1986.23.03.0156

曾一凡^{1, 2, 3, 4,},
包函^{1, 3},
武强^{1, 2, 3, 4},
孟世豪^{1, 3,*, ,},
华照来⁵,
苗彦平⁶,
张晔^{1, 3},
卜文扬^{1, 3}

1.
中国矿业大学(北京) 国家煤矿水害防治工程技术研究中心，北京 100083
2.
中国矿业大学(北京) 内蒙古研究院，内蒙古鄂尔多斯 017000
3.
中国矿业大学(北京) 地球科学与测绘工程学院，北京 100083
4.
矿山水害防治国家矿山安全监察局重点实验室，北京 100083
5.
陕西陕煤曹家滩矿业有限公司，陕西榆林 719000
6.
陕煤集团神木红柳林矿业有限公司，陕西神木 719300

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目(42072284，42372297)；国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC2902004)；中央高校基本科研业务费资助项目(2023ZKPYSH01)

详细信息

第一作者:
曾一凡，1984年生，男，湖北咸宁人，博士，副教授，从事煤矿水文地质方面的研究工作. E-mail：zengyf@cumtb.edu.cn

通信作者:
孟世豪，1996年生，男，河北邢台人，博士研究生，从事煤矿水文地质研究. E-mail：mengshihao1996@163.com

中图分类号: TD741
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-03-31
- 修回日期: 2023-06-26
- 刊出日期: 2023-10-25
- 网络出版日期: 2023-10-12

Water-blocking performance of laterite in weak deposition areas of Neogene Baode Formation and its significance of resource exploitation

ZENG Yifan^{1, 2, 3, 4
,},
BAO Han^{1, 3},
WU Qiang^{1, 2, 3, 4},
MENG Shihao^{1, 3,*
, ,},
HUA Zhaolai⁵,
MIAO Yanping⁶,
ZHANG Ye^{1, 3},
BU Wenyang^{1, 3}

1.
National Coal Mine Water Disaster Prevention and Control Engineering Technology Research Center, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
2.
Inner Mongolia Research Institute, University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Ordos 017000, China
3.
School of Geosciences and Surveying Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
4.
National Mine Safety Administration Key Laboratory of Mine Water Hazard Controlling, Beijing 100083, China
5.
Shaanxi Shaanmei Caojiatan Mining Co., Ltd., Yulin 719000, China
6.
Shenmu Hongliulin Mining Co. Ltd. of Shaanxi Coal Group, Shenmu 719300, China

摘要

摘要: 关键隔水层沉积薄弱区阻水性能的深入研究对于矿井生产安全和生态水资源保护均具有重要意义。基于区域沉积特征重新优化钻孔数据，研究榆神矿区红土沉积厚度的分布规律，并探讨与红土阻水性能相关的微观工程特性和控制因素。结果表明，红土沉积厚度从西北向东南逐渐增大，并且随着河流的演化，红土分布变得极不均匀，红土缺失区面积达到48.80%。在垂直方向上通过粒径分析和渗透试验表明，红土的阻水性能随着红土沉积深度的增加而增强；在水平方向上通过微观结构和物质组成分析表明，红土的隔水性能与其沉积厚度并非简单的线性关系，随着红土沉积厚度的减小，薄弱区红土的隔水性能急剧下降。基于稳定达西流速概念计算了非完全阻水的红土薄弱区临界厚度，通过多源数据融合，得到榆神矿区红土阻水性能的分区。榆神矿区红土工程特性及阻水性能的系统研究可为红土薄弱区内矿井查清隐蔽致灾地质因素、实现关键隔水层保护及再建以及指导煤水双资源协同共采工程实践等方面提供重要的理论依据。
- 红土厚度 /
- 沉积规律 /
- 阻水性能 /
- 阻水临界厚度 /
- 红土薄弱区
Abstract: The in-depth study on the water-blocking performance of laterite in the weak deposition areas of the key aquiclude is of significant importance for mine production safety and ecological water resource protection. Specifically, the borehole data were re-optimized based on the regional sedimentary characteristics, the thickness distribution pattern of laterite deposit in Yushen mining area was studied, and the micro-engineering characteristics and control factors related to the water-blocking performance of laterite were explored. The results show that the deposition thickness of laterite gradually increases from northwest to southeast, the distribution of laterite becomes extremely uneven with the evolution of rivers, and the area of laterite missing zone reaches 48.80%. The particle size analysis and permeability test show that the water-blocking performance of laterite increases vertically with the increase of laterite deposition depth. The microstructure and material composition analysis show that the water-blocking performance of laterite is not in a simple linear relationship with its deposition thickness in the horizontal direction, and the water-blocking performance of laterite weak area decreases sharply with the decrease of its deposition thickness. Based on the concept of stable Darcy flow rate, the critical thickness of laterite in the weak zone with non-complete water-blocking performance was calculated, and through multi-source data fusion to obtain the zoning of the water-blocking performance of laterite in Yushen mining area was classified. The systematic study of engineering characteristics and water-blocking performance of laterite in Yushen mining area could provide important theoretical basis for identifying the potential geological factors that may cause hacards in the mines within the laterite weak area, realizing the protection and reconstruction of key aquiclude and guiding the practice of coal-water dual-resource cooperative co-mining engineering.
- laterite thickness /
- deposition law /
- water-blocking performance /
- critical thickness for water blocking /
- laterite weak area

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图 1 榆神矿区地貌及水文特征分布

Fig. 1 Distribution of landform and hydrological characteristics in Yushen mining area

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图 2 榆神矿区A—A'典型剖面

Fig. 2 A-A' typical profile in Yushen mining area

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图 3 榆神矿区新近系保德组红土分布特征

Fig. 3 Distribution characteristics of Neogene Baode Formation laterite in Yushen mining area

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图 4 红土土样及内部结核

Fig. 4 Laterite samples and internal nodules

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图 5 红土沉积上下段样品的粒径特征对比

Fig. 5 Comparison of particle size characteristics of upper and lower samples of laterite deposition

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图 6 红土沉积上下段样品的渗透系数对比

Fig. 6 Comparison of permeability coefficients of upper and lower samples of laterite deposits

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图 7 红土样品的微观结构特征对比

Fig. 7 Comparison of microstructure characteristics of samples with different laterite deposition thickness

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图 8 XRD定性分析衍射图谱结果

Fig. 8 XRD qualitative analysis of diffraction pattern results

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图 9 不同红土沉积厚度样品中各黏土矿物成分对比

Fig. 9 Comparison of clay mineral composition in samples with different laterite deposition thickness

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图 10 测井曲线分段对比

Fig. 10 Logging curve section comparison

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图 11 等效渗透系数数学概念模型

Fig. 11 Mathematical conceptual model of equivalent permeability coefficient

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图 12 红土等效渗透系数与红土沉积厚度的关系曲线

Fig. 12 Equivalent permeability coefficient vs deposition thickness of laterite

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图 13 榆神矿区红土阻水性能分区

Fig. 13 The zoning of water resistance performance of laterite in Yushen mining area

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图 14 不同红土厚度下Ca²⁺毫克当量对比

Fig. 14 Comparison of Ca^{2 +} content under different laterite thickness

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表 1 钻孔分布统计结果

Table 1 List of borehole distribution

钻孔所占区域	钻孔位置	钻孔个数
榆神Ⅰ期	锦界煤矿	13
	香水河煤矿	12
	万家沟煤矿	8
	朱家塔煤矿	23
	河兴梁煤矿	7
	未开采区域	21
榆神Ⅱ期	杭来湾煤矿	15
	金鸡滩煤矿	32
	曹家滩煤矿	83
	大保当井田	19
榆神Ⅲ期	郭家滩煤矿	7
	小保当煤矿	15
	小壕兔煤矿	29
榆神Ⅳ期	尔林兔煤矿	15
榆神Ⅳ期	孟家湾煤矿	13
神南	张家峁煤矿	26
	红柳林煤矿	25
	柠条塔煤矿	72
总计		425

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表 2 新近系保德组红土矿物成分组成

Table 2 Mineral composition of N₂b laterite

取样位置的红土厚度/m	矿物质量分数/%
取样位置的红土厚度/m	石英	长石	方解石	黏土
2.92	61.45	17.90	7.98	12.67
9.39	54.06	17.17	8.02	20.75
15.77	64.13	8.04	6.63	21.20
26.60	62.32	10.32	6.04	21.32
31.80	54.14	10.53	12.23	23.10

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