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煤炭绿色开发地质保障体系的构建

王双明 耿济世 李鹏飞 孙强 范章群 李丹

王双明,耿济世,李鹏飞,等. 煤炭绿色开发地质保障体系的构建[J]. 煤田地质与勘探,2023,51(1):33−43. doi: 10.12363/issn.1001-1986.23.01.0030
引用本文: 王双明,耿济世,李鹏飞,等. 煤炭绿色开发地质保障体系的构建[J]. 煤田地质与勘探,2023,51(1):33−43. doi: 10.12363/issn.1001-1986.23.01.0030
WANG Shuangming,GENG Jishi,LI Pengfei,et al. Construction of geological guarantee system for green coal mining[J]. Coal Geology & Exploration,2023,51(1):33−43. doi: 10.12363/issn.1001-1986.23.01.0030
Citation: WANG Shuangming,GENG Jishi,LI Pengfei,et al. Construction of geological guarantee system for green coal mining[J]. Coal Geology & Exploration,2023,51(1):33−43. doi: 10.12363/issn.1001-1986.23.01.0030

煤炭绿色开发地质保障体系的构建

doi: 10.12363/issn.1001-1986.23.01.0030
基金项目: 陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2019JL-01)
详细信息
    第一作者:

    王双明,1955年生,男,陕西岐山人,中国工程院院士,从事煤田地质勘探及矿区环境保护等方面研究. E-mail:sxmtwsm@163.com

  • 中图分类号: TD82

Construction of geological guarantee system for green coal mining

  • 摘要: 煤炭资源的大规模、高强度开采诱发了煤矿区地质条件和生态环境的损害,开展煤炭开采引起的地质结构–地下水环境–生态环境动态演化的耦合机制研究,发展煤炭绿色开发地质保障理论和技术,对于推动我国煤炭工业高质量发展有重要意义。结合当前煤炭开采技术,分析了煤炭绿色开发地质保障的研究现状,提出了“煤炭绿色开发地质保障体系”的科学内涵。主要包括:(1) 开采前煤炭赋存综合地质条件勘查、评价,开采区生态环境类型划分:通过三维地质结构、水文地质条件、岩土工程性质和生态环境等系统调查分析,阐明煤炭开采区损害类型及其主控因素。 (2) 煤炭采动作用下地质条件变化与地质结构功能系统演化:阐明煤炭开采条件下覆岩变形特征及地质条件响应模式和损害机理,揭示开采过程中应力场、变形场、渗流场等多场耦合作用下生态环境的时空演化特征和损害规律。(3) 采后煤炭绿色地质保障技术与生态环境功能重建:研究采后覆岩结构、地质结构功能、生态环境的相互作用,提出采空区与遗留资源的利用途径,恢复煤炭开采区生态环境功能。基于精准勘查与监测,创建含地层结构、水文地质结构和岩体力学性质等信息的数据库,建立煤炭开采地质结构演化动态模型,构建生态脆弱区煤炭资源开采与地质环境保护的综合研究平台,为煤炭全生命周期的绿色安全开发和生态环境保护提供支持,进而寻求破解煤炭开采与生态文明建设矛盾的最优途径。煤炭绿色开采地质科学系统应从科学分析、科学对待、科学归纳3个方面出发,发展基础地质学、采矿学、生态学、人文经济学等多学科交叉的煤炭绿色开发地质保障理论与技术,构建以煤炭开采、地质工程、生态环境与人文经济四位一体的绿色安全开发知识体系,服务煤炭绿色安全开采。

     

  • 图  2008—2021年不同关键词文献年发文量

    Fig. 1  Annual volume of articles published by different keywords in 2008‒2021

    图  2012—2021年我国能源生产与消费结构

    Fig. 2  Energy production and consumption structure of China in 2012‒2021

    图  地质条件与地质功能

    Fig. 3  Geological conditions and functions

    图  煤炭采动前地质结构响应

    Fig. 4  Response of geological structure before coal mining

    图  煤炭绿色开采地质理论体系

    Fig. 5  Geological theory system of green coal mining

    图  煤炭绿色开采地质研究内容之间相互关系

    Fig. 6  Relationship between geological researches for green coal mining

    图  煤炭绿色开采科学方案

    Fig. 7  Scientific program of green coal mining

    图  煤炭采动过程中地层结构损害机制与主控因素

    Fig. 8  Mechanism and main controlling factors of formation structure damage during coal mining

    图  煤炭采动过程覆岩变形损害的演化过程

    Fig. 9  Evolution of overburden deformation and damage during coal mining

    图  10  煤炭采动过程覆岩变形损害演化过程

    Fig. 10  Evolution of overburden deformation and damage during coal mining

    图  11  煤炭采动后减损控制与生态环境修复

    Fig. 11  Loss reduction control and restoration of geological ecological environment after coal mining

    图  12  煤炭绿色开采地质系统措施

    Fig. 12  Measures of geological system for green coal mining

    图  13  煤炭开采地质研究阶段划分与总体要求

    Fig. 13  Overall requirements and stage division of geology research for coal mining

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  • 收稿日期:  2022-11-20
  • 修回日期:  2022-12-30
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