Abstract: Simulation experiments on hydraulic fracturing of the coal seam in the laboratory are an effective method to study the mechanism of fracturing and enhancing permeability of coal-rock mass by hydraulic fracturing in coal mines. However, the technology in-situ sampling for large-size coal mass is immature, and the existing large-size coal samples are mostly taken from the stress-relaxation area, which can be further damaged in the transportation and preparation processes, causing large dispersion in test results. Therefore, The use of coal-like materials is a viable option to replace large-size raw coal for hydraulic fracturing simulation experiments. The mechanical properties of coal-like specimens are the most important factor affecting the effectiveness of hydraulic fracturing. In this paper, in order to accurately characterize “the basic mechanical properties of coal-like materials”, coal powder, cement, gypsum, and sand are used to make coal-like samples with seven ratios for examining the coupling response law of ultrasonic and mechanical properties. The experiments results include: The ultrasonic wave velocity (P-and S-waves) and strength (uniaxial compressive and tensile strength) of coal-like samples increase with increasing density and decrease with increasing porosity. The effect of similar materials on ultrasonic wave velocity, strength, and density increments, cement > sand > gypsum, with the opposite porosity. Cement and gypsum play a major role in regulating the strength and deformation characteristics of coal-like samples, respectively. The strength of coal-like samples can be predicted in advance by measuring ultrasonic P-wave velocity based on the quadratic polynomial mathematical model between ultrasonic P-wave velocity and strength. The mechanical properties of the coal-like material can be adjusted in a wide range. Various properties of coal-like samples can be adjusted to simulate coal-rock mass accurately by changing the ratio of similar materials, and the sample can be made simply. This study provides a basis for a similar design of mechanical properties of coal-like materials for hydraulic fracturing simulation, which can promote the development of mine gas prevention technology and has high application value.