Comprehensive recycling utilization technology of foundation engineering slurry
-
摘要: 地下连续墙、水平定向钻、盾构和顶管等领域的基础工程浆液具有用量大、污染物较为单一的特点。随着国家各项环保法规的实施,基础工程浆液的综合处理尤为重要。提出一种基础工程浆液资源化综合利用技术,即循环浆液采用“除砂+净化浆液与钻渣综合利用”技术,废弃浆液采用“除钙+降低pH+絮凝分离+压滤处理+废液与泥饼的综合利用”技术。以武汉市某地下连续墙工程现场浆液为研究对象,研究循环浆液和废弃浆液的资源化综合利用效果。结果表明:(1) 循环浆液经过除砂后得到净化浆液和钻渣,前者可重新用于工程施工中,后者可用于培育披碱草、黑麦草等草籽,发芽率为100%。(2) 加入5%的碳酸氢钠可将废弃浆液Ca2+质量浓度从703.5 mg/L降低至173.6 mg/L,加入质量分数为3.3%的氯化铵可将pH值从13降低至9,加入300 mg/L的絮凝剂A-2可得到明显的絮凝物。絮凝物经过压滤后得到废液和泥饼,在废液中加入质量分数为2%的碳酸氢钠后可用于重新配制工程浆液,泥饼与30%~60%的营养土混合后可进行草籽培育,发芽率为72%。(3) 过量的盐离子和高pH会对植物生长产生毒害作用,应先对废弃浆液进行除钙和降低pH等处理,之后压滤得到的泥饼才能满足植物生长要求。该技术可实现基础工程浆液中所有钻渣(或泥饼)和净化后的浆液(或废液)的资源化综合利用,对类似工程浆液的资源化利用有较好的启示意义,具有显著的经济、环境和社会效益。Abstract: Foundation engineering slurry in the fields of underground continuous walls, horizontal directional drilling, shield, and pipe jacking has the characteristics of large amount of consumption and relatively single pollutant. With the implementation of various national environmental protection laws and regulations, the comprehensive treatment of slurries is particularly important. In this paper, a set of comprehensive recycling utilization technology of foundation engineering slurry was proposed. The technology of sand removal plus recycling of purified slurry and drilling cuttings can be adopted to the circulating slurry, and the technology of calcium removing, pH reducing, flocculation separation, pressure filtration and recycling of wastewater and mud cake was adopted to treat the waste slurry. Taking the slurry of an underground continuous wall project in Wuhan city as the example, the effect of comprehensive utilization of circulating slurry and waste slurry was investigated in detail. The results show that purified slurry and drilling cuttings obtained from the circulating slurry after sand removal, the former could be directly reused in foundation engineering, and the latter could be used to cultivate lyme grass and ryegrass seeds, with a germination rate of 100%. The addition of 5% sodium bicarbonate to the water slurry could reduce the calcium ion concentration from 703.5 mg/L to 173.6 mg/L. Adding 3.3% ammonium chloride could lower the pH from 13 to 9. To obtain obvious flocculating substance, it is suggested to add 300 mg/L flocculant A-2 into the waste slurry. Wastewater and mud cakes could be gained from the flocculating substance after pressure filtration. In addition of 2% sodium bicarbonate, the wastewater could meet the mud-making requirements of foundation engineering. Moreover, mud cakes mixed with 30% to 60% of nutrient soil could be used to cultivate lyme grass and ryegrass seeds, with a germination rate of 72%. Excess salt ions and high pH can be toxic to plant growth. Therefore, waste slurry should be first treated with calcium removal and pH reduction. Later, mud cakes obtained by pressure filtration can meet the requirements of plant growth. This technology can realize comprehensive recycling utilization of all drilling cuttings (or mud cake) and purified slurry (or wastewater) in foundation engineering slurry and have good enlightenment significance to the recycling utilization of similar engineering slurry, which has significant economic, environmental, and social benefits.
-
Key words:
- foundation engineering slurry /
- recycling /
- comprehensive utilization /
- calcium removing /
- seed breeding
-
表 1 三种基础工程浆液的基本性能
Table 1 Basic properties of three kinds of foundation engineering slurry
浆液类型 密度/(g·cm−3) pH 塑性黏度/(mPa·s−1) 动切力/Pa 失水量/mL Ca2+质量浓度/(mg·L−1) 蒙脱石质量分数/% 新鲜浆液 1.03 8 11.0 5.6 18.7 34.1 1.047 循环浆液 1.19 8 7.0 1.5 30.0 128.5 0.261 废弃浆液 1.08 13 5.1 2.0 62.0 703.5 0.209 表 2 草籽培育实验设计方案
Table 2 Experiments plan for grass seed cultivation
草籽 实验
编号营养土
质量分数/%草籽 实验
编号营养土
质量分数/%披
碱
草YP1 0 披
碱
草LP1 0 YP2 10 LP2 10 YP3 20 LP3 20 YP4 30 LP4 30 YP5 40 LP5 40 YP6 50 LP6 50 YP7 60 LP7 60 YP8 80 LP8 80 YP9 100 LP9 100 黑
麦
草YH1 0 黑
麦
草LH1 0 YH2 10 LH2 10 YH3 20 LH3 20 YH4 30 LH4 30 YH5 40 LH5 40 YH6 50 LH6 50 YH7 60 LH7 60 YH8 80 LH8 80 YH9 100 LH9 100 注:YP为“钻渣+披碱草”,YH为“钻渣+黑麦草”,LP为“泥饼+披碱草”,LH为“泥饼+黑麦草”的培育方式。 表 3 净化后浆液的基本性能
Table 3 Basic properties of purified mud
密度/(g·cm−3) pH 塑性黏度/(mPa·s−1) 动切力/Pa 失水量/mL Ca2+质量浓度/(mg·L−1) 蒙脱石质量分数/% 1.08 8 7 1.5 26 60.4 0.372 表 4 利用废液配制工程浆液的基本性能
Table 4 Basic properties of foundation slurry based on wastewater
配制的工程浆液 密度/(g·cm−3) pH 塑性黏度/(mPa·s−1) 动切力/Pa 失水量/mL Ca2+质量浓度/(mg·L−1) 废液+3.6%膨润土 1.04 8 6 4 25 103.4 表 5 利用废液配制基础工程浆液的除钙效果
Table 5 Calcium removal effect of foundation engineering slurry based on wastewater
NaHCO3加量/% 上清液中的Ca2+质量浓度/(mg·L−1) 1 76.1 2 34.0 3 16.0 -
[1] 房凯,张忠苗,刘兴旺,等. 工程废弃泥浆污染及其防治措施研究[J]. 岩土工程学报,2011,33(增刊2):238−241.FANG Kai,ZHANG Zhongmiao,LIU Xingwang,et al. Pollution of construction waste slurry and prevention measures[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2011,33(Sup.2):238−241. [2] 郑亮,刘晓烨,潘希军,等. 武汉地区建筑废弃泥浆泥水分离试验研究[J]. 钻探工程,2021,48(8):110−117.ZHENG Liang,LIU Xiaoye,PAN Xijun,et al. Experiment on separation of mud and water from construction waste mud in the Wuhan area[J]. Drilling Engineering,2021,48(8):110−117. [3] 武亚军,陆逸天,牛坤,等. 药剂真空预压法处理工程废浆试验[J]. 岩土工程学报,2016,38(8):1365−1373.. doi: 10.11779/CJGE201608002WU Yajun,LU Yitian,NIU Kun,et al. Experimental study on solid–liquid separation of construction waste slurry by additive agent–combined vacuum preloading[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2016,38(8):1365−1373.. doi: 10.11779/CJGE201608002 [4] 田浩,赵会军. 废弃油基泥浆处理工艺与研究[J]. 环境工程,2014,32(增刊1):310−313.. doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.2014.s1.066TIAN Hao,ZHAO Huijun. Waste oil–based mud treatment technology and research[J]. Environmental Engineering,2014,32(Sup.1):310−313.. doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.2014.s1.066 [5] 刘宪斌,刘青. 生物法修复废弃钻井泥浆和含油污泥的研究进展[J]. 环境污染与防治,2015,37(6):83−89.. doi: 10.15985/j.cnki.1001-3865.2015.06.016LIU Xianbin,LIU Qing. Research on the bioremediation of waste drilling mud and oily sludge[J]. Environmental Pollution & Control,2015,37(6):83−89.. doi: 10.15985/j.cnki.1001-3865.2015.06.016 [6] HE Jia,CHU Jian,TAN S K,et al. Sedimentation behavior of flocculant–treated soil slurry[J]. Marine Georesources & Geotechnology,2017,35(5):593−602. [7] 罗伟. 钻井废弃泥浆固化路基材料性能研究[D]. 成都: 西南石油大学, 2015.LUO Wei. Study on the properties of solidified subgrade materials from drilling waste mud[D]. Chengdu: Southwest Petroleum University, 2015. [8] 李冲,吕志刚,陈洪龄,等. 阴离子型聚丙烯酰胺在废弃桩基泥浆处理中的应用[J]. 环境科技,2012,25(1):33−37.. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-4829.2012.01.009LI Chong,LYU Zhigang,CHEN Hongling,et al. Application of anionic polyacrylamide in treating waste slurry from pile foundation engineering[J]. Environmental Science and Technology,2012,25(1):33−37.. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-4829.2012.01.009 [9] 梁止水,杨才千,高海鹰,等. 建筑工程废弃泥浆快速泥水分离试验研究[J]. 东南大学学报(自然科学版),2016,46(2):427−433.LIANG Zhishui,YANG Caiqian,GAO Haiying,et al. Experimental study on rapid separation between water and slurry from construction engineering[J]. Journal of Southeast University (Natural Science Edition),2016,46(2):427−433. [10] 杨春英,徐薇,白晨光. 施工废弃泥浆絮凝脱水试验及机理分析[J]. 环境科技,2013,26(5):15−17.. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-4829.2013.05.004YANG Chunying,XU Wei,BAI Chenguang. The mud flocculation dehydration test and mechanism analysis[J]. Environmental Science and Technology,2013,26(5):15−17.. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-4829.2013.05.004 [11] ZHANG Fengjun,CUI Kong,SUN Xianyang,et al. Study on preparation and properties of novel ternary flocculant for rapid separation of underground continuous wall waste mud[J]. Pigment & Resin Technology,2020,49(6):421−429. [12] 刘福田, 宋生辉, 刘祥勇. 一种水泥基速凝型高水废弃泥浆用固化剂: CN102491720A[P]. 2012-06-13. [13] 田淼, 信忠虎, 彭忠欢. 一种钻孔灌注桩泥浆固化处理系统及固化外运施工方法: CN114031249A[P]. 2022-02-11. [14] 杨石飞, 解子军, 李冬来, 等. 一种用于固化处理废弃泥浆的固化剂及其应用方法: CN107162516A[P]. 2017-09-15. [15] 孙平贺, 邢世宽, 赵明哲, 等. 一种基础工程废弃泥浆高效脱水固化处理剂及其使用方法: CN113735412A[P]. 2021-12-03. [16] 姜玉松,陈丽华. 利用废弃钻井泥浆作为注浆浆液的试验研究[J]. 安徽理工大学学报 (自然科学版),2011,31(4):28−32.JIANG Yusong,CHEN Lihua. Test of using waste drilling slurry as grouting slurry[J]. Journal of Anhui University of Science and Technology (Natural Science),2011,31(4):28−32. [17] 陈振国,徐润,高岗荣. 钻井废弃泥浆用作注浆材料的研究[J]. 煤炭学报,2011,36(1):49−53.. doi: 10.13225/j.cnki.jccs.2011.01.032CHEN Zhenguo,XU Run,GAO Gangrong. Research on waste drilling mud being used in grouting[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2011,36(1):49−53.. doi: 10.13225/j.cnki.jccs.2011.01.032 [18] 杨钊, 屠柳青, 翟世鸿, 等. 采用盾构废弃泥浆制备的盾构同步注浆浆液及其施工方法: CN106977153A[P]. 2017-07-25. [19] 王建华. 泥水盾构废弃砂土和尾水资源化综合利用技术[J]. 铁道建筑,2021,61(3):60−64.. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-1995.2021.03.14WANG Jianhua. Comprehensive utilization technology on treated waste sand and tail water resources for slurry shield[J]. Railway Engineering,2021,61(3):60−64.. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-1995.2021.03.14 [20] 石慧芳,陆锦优子,韩卓锐,等. 钙对多花黑麦草种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响[J]. 种子,2019,38(9):105−108.SHI Huifang,LU Jinyouzi,HAN Zhuorui,et al. The effect of calcium on seed germination and seedling growth of lolium multiflorum lam[J]. Seed,2019,38(9):105−108. [21] 周敏. 喀斯特森林树种种子萌发特征——外源Ca2+作用[D]. 贵阳: 贵州师范大学, 2007.ZHOU Min. Characteristics of seed germination of Karst forest plants: Role of exteral Ca2+[D]. Guiyang: Guizhou Normal University, 2007. [22] 何才华. 中国地貌与贵州岩溶生态环境[J]. 贵州师范大学学报(自然科学版),2000,18(3):1−7.HE Caihua. The landforms of China and the Karst ecological environment in Guizhou[J]. Journal of Guizhou Normal University (Natural Science),2000,18(3):1−7. [23] 杨晓慧,蒋卫杰,魏珉,等. 植物对盐胁迫的反应及其抗盐机理研究进展[J]. 山东农业大学学报 (自然科学版),2006,37(2):302−305.YANG Xiaohui,JIANG Weijie,WEI Min,et al. Review on plant response and resistance mechanism to salt stress[J]. Journal of Shandong Agricultural University (Natural Science),2006,37(2):302−305. [24] WANG Lixue,FANG Cheng,WANG Kun. Physiological responses of leymus chinensis to long–term salt,alkali and mixed salt–alkali stresses[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition,2015,38(4):526−540.. doi: 10.1080/01904167.2014.937874 [25] 任鹏飞,尚丽霞,蔡勤安,等. 植物耐碱性研究进展及其在大豆中的应用展望[J]. 大豆科学,2019,38(6):977−985.REN Pengfei,SHANG Lixia,CAI Qin’an,et al. Research progress of plant alkali tolerance and its application prospect in soybean[J]. Soybean Science,2019,38(6):977−985. [26] GONG Biao,WANG Xiufeng,WEI Min,et al. Overexpression of S–adenosylmethionine synthetase 1 enhances tomato callus tolerance to alkali stress through polyamine and hydrogen peroxide cross–linked networks[J]. Plant Cell,Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC),2016,124(2):377−391. [27] MA Hongyuan, YANG Haoyu, LYU Xiaotao, et al. Does high pH give a reliable assessment of the effect of alkaline soil on seed germination? A case study with leymus chinensis (Poaceae)[J]. Plant and Soil, 2015, 394(1/2): 35–43. [28] 颜宏,赵伟,盛艳敏,等. 碱胁迫对羊草和向日葵的影响[J]. 应用生态学报,2005,16(8):1497−1501.. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-9332.2005.08.022YAN Hong,ZHAO Wei,SHENG Yanmin,et al. Effects of alkali−stress on Aneurolepidium chinense and Helianthus annuus[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2005,16(8):1497−1501.. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-9332.2005.08.022 [29] 孙浩,李茂林,崔瑞,等. 剪切环境下某铅锌尾矿絮团演化过程及絮团表征[J]. 矿产保护与利用,2020,40(4):75−81.. doi: 10.13779/j.cnki.issn1001-0076.2020.04.009SUN Hao,LI Maolin,CUI Rui,et al. Floc evolution and characterization of lead–zinc tailing in shearing environment[J]. Conservation and Utilization of Mineral Resources,2020,40(4):75−81.. doi: 10.13779/j.cnki.issn1001-0076.2020.04.009