Potential of oil-rich coal resources in Shaanxi Province and its new development suggestion
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摘要: 碳达峰、碳中和目标要求下，陕西作为煤炭资源大省，煤炭资源的低碳开发与利用势在必行。基于陕西五大煤田的5 000余组煤质数据，研究陕西省煤炭资源中煤焦油产率的变化规律为：陕北三叠纪煤田>陕北侏罗纪煤田>陕北石炭–二叠纪煤田≈黄陇侏罗纪煤田>渭北石炭–二叠纪煤田，划分出3种富油煤类型：富油煤型、富油煤–高油煤型、富油煤–含油煤型。按照煤炭资源量计算办法，全省已经查明的煤炭资源中富油煤+高油煤资源量为1 550.33亿t，内蕴焦油资源量144.5亿t；预测出陕西省2 000 m以浅煤炭资源总量中富油煤+高油煤资源量为3 845亿t，内蕴焦油资源325亿t；并对富油煤资源控制程度进行划分。分析富油煤的成因机理，指出变质程度、沉积相及物质组成和埋藏条件等为富油煤形成的主要影响因素。针对目前煤炭开发中存在的资源浪费问题，提出一种富油煤原位地下热解多煤层协同开采的资源开发新思路。Abstract: Under the requirement of carbon peak and carbon neutral targets, the low carbon development and utilization of coal resources in Shaanxi Province is imperative. The law of tar yield from high to low in each coalfield of Shaanxi Province was revealed based on more than 5 000 sets of coal quality data: northern Shaanxi Triassic Coalfield, northern Shaanxi Jurassic Coalfield, Shanbei carboniferous Permian Coalfield, Huanglong Jurassic Coalfield, Weibei carboniferous Permian Coalfield. And three types of oil-rich coal were classified: oil-rich coal type, oil-rich coal-high oil-coal type, oil-rich coal-oil-coal type. According to the calculation method of coal resources, Shaanxi Province has identified coal resources with 155.033 billion tons of oil-rich coal and high oil coal resources, containing 14.45 billion tons of tar resources. It is predicted that the total shallow coal resource of 2 000 m in Shaanxi Province are 384.5 billion tons of rich-high oil coal and 32.5 billion tons of tar oil. The mechanism of the formation of oil-rich coal is analyzed, and it is pointed that the degree of Metamorphism, sedimentary facies, material composition and burial conditions are the main factors affecting the formation of oil-rich coal. A new idea of resource development of in situ underground pyrolysis of oil-rich coal with multiple coal seams is proposed for the waste of resources in the current coal development.
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Key words:
- oil-rich coal /
- tar yield /
- amount of resources /
- in-situ underground mining /
- synergize mining
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图 3 焦油产率与镜质体反射率相关性
Fig. 3 Analysis of correlation between vitrinite reflectance and tar yield
图 7 煤灰成分与焦油产率的相关性分析
Fig. 7 Analysis of correlation between coal ash-constituents and tar yield
图 10 多煤层原位协同热解共采
Fig. 10 Schematic diagram of multi-coal seam co-mining by in-situ co-pyrolysis
表 1 陕西省五大煤田主采煤层焦油产率统计结果
Table 1 Statistical table of tar yield of main coal seams in five coalfields of Shaanxi
煤田分类 煤层号 焦油产率/% 不同焦油产率煤样占比/% 最小值 最大值 平均值/样品个数 Tar,d≤7% 7%<Tar,d≤12% Tar,d>12% 陕北侏罗纪煤田 2−2煤 3.2 18.6 9.99/676 5.03 87.57 7.40 3−1煤 4.1 15.1 10.15/517 3.87 83.17 12.96 4−2煤 3.5 14.8 9.80/366 4.64 89.07 6.28 5−2煤 2.9 14.6 9.06/598 6.52 89.97 3.51 黄陇侏罗纪煤田 2煤 1.0 16.0 7.96/104 30.26 67.09 2.65 3−1煤 1.5 12.3 7.57/132 39.39 59.09 1.52 陕北三叠纪煤田 5煤 7.1 16.4 11.96/77 0 46.75 53.25 3煤 8.0 16.3 11.89/49 0 51.02 48.98 渭北石炭–二叠纪煤田 3煤 0.3 4.8 1.47/24 100.00 0 0 5煤 1.2 4.6 2.30/53 100.00 0 0 陕北石炭–二叠纪煤田 4煤 4.4 14.8 8.50/147 29.93 60.54 9.52 9煤 5.3 13.4 10.15/10 30.00 20.00 50.00 
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表 2 煤层变质程度特征参数
Table 2 Statistical table of parameters of coal seam metamorphism
煤田 富油煤类型 ω(Cd)/% ω(Hd)/% Rmax/% 煤类 ω(Vd)/% 水分ω(Mad)/% 变质程
度分级黄陇侏罗纪 富油–
含油煤68.85~85.99/82.41(1 978) 2.90~5.22/4.79 0.51~0.86 不黏–弱黏煤、
长焰煤17.49~49.93/34.68 1.40~13.58/7.80 Ⅰ、Ⅰ−Ⅱ 陕北侏罗纪 富油煤 71.37~85.07/81.78(3105) 1.21~7.78/4.75 0.51~0.72 长焰煤、不黏–
弱黏煤29.25~51.03/36.87 1.99~12.71/6.79 Ⅰ 陕北三叠纪 富油–
高油煤78.82~86.46/82.63(265) 4.37~6.3/5.50 0.61~0.80 气–气肥煤、
长焰煤33.62~45.64/39.78 2.50~11.17/5.75 Ⅰ−Ⅱ 陕北石炭–二叠纪 富油–
含油煤72.20~90.35/83.65(73) 4.07~5.89/4.89 0.57~1.50 气–肥煤、长焰煤、不黏–弱黏煤、焦煤、瘦煤 19.18~51.56/33.47 0.60~9.40/2.92 Ⅰ−Ⅳ 注：68.85~85.99/82.41(1 978)表示最小~最大值/平均值(采样数)，其他数据同。
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表 3 陕西省富油煤资源量统计
Table 3 Statistics of oil-rich coal resources
单位： 亿t 煤田 高油煤 富油煤 焦油 陕北侏罗纪 110.84 1 180.34 124.26 黄陇侏罗纪 1.66 121.24 7.74 陕北三叠纪 26.35 10.39 4.37 陕北石炭–二叠纪 3.67 95.84 8.13 合计 142.52 1 407.81 144.50
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表 4 富油煤资源控制程度统计结果
Table 4 Oil-rich coal resource control level table
单位： 亿t 煤田 高油煤/亿t 富油煤/亿t Ⅰ类 Ⅱ类 Ⅲ类 Ⅰ类 Ⅱ类 Ⅲ类 陕北侏罗纪 110.84 0 0 725.75 385.72 68.87 黄陇侏罗纪 1.66 0 0 97.20 17.84 6.20 陕北三叠纪 3.86 20.82 1.67 5.49 4.18 0.72 陕北石炭–二叠纪 2.62 1.05 0 55.18 40.66 0 合计 118.98 21.87 1.67 883.62 448.40 75.79
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