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煤矿采空区煤层气地面开发技术及工程应用

周显俊 李国富 李超 王争 李江彪

周显俊,李国富,李超,等. 煤矿采空区煤层气地面开发技术及工程应用−以沁水盆地晋城矿区为例[J]. 煤田地质与勘探,2022,50(5):66−72. doi: 10.12363/issn.1001-1986.21.09.0533
引用本文: 周显俊,李国富,李超,等. 煤矿采空区煤层气地面开发技术及工程应用−以沁水盆地晋城矿区为例[J]. 煤田地质与勘探,2022,50(5):66−72. doi: 10.12363/issn.1001-1986.21.09.0533
ZHOU Xianjun,LI Guofu,LI Chao,et al. Ground development technology and engineering application of CBM in coal mine goafs: A case study of Jincheng mining area in Qinshui Basin[J]. Coal Geology & Exploration,2022,50(5):66−72. doi: 10.12363/issn.1001-1986.21.09.0533
Citation: ZHOU Xianjun,LI Guofu,LI Chao,et al. Ground development technology and engineering application of CBM in coal mine goafs: A case study of Jincheng mining area in Qinshui Basin[J]. Coal Geology & Exploration,2022,50(5):66−72. doi: 10.12363/issn.1001-1986.21.09.0533

煤矿采空区煤层气地面开发技术及工程应用—以沁水盆地晋城矿区为例

doi: 10.12363/issn.1001-1986.21.09.0533
基金项目: 山西省应用基础研究项目(201701D221233);山西省科技重大专项项目(20201102001);山西省揭榜招标项目(20201101001)
详细信息
    第一作者:

    周显俊,1986年生,男,河南信阳人,工程师,研究方向为煤层气开发与利用. E-mail:787390314@qq.com

    通信作者:

    李国富,1965年生,男,山西晋城人,博士(后),正高级工程师,研究方向为煤层气开发与利用. E-mail:13834068216@163.com

  • 中图分类号: TD712

Ground development technology and engineering application of CBM in coal mine goafs: A case study of Jincheng mining area in Qinshui Basin

  • 摘要: 煤炭采出后,采空区中仍蕴藏着丰富的煤层气资源,其资源评价与开发利用具有环保和资源双重意义。近几年来,在山西晋城、西山和阳泉等矿区开展了地面钻井抽采采空区煤层气的积极探索,但在采空区煤层气地面开发过程中,往往因煤矿采空区积水、上覆岩层承压涌水等原因,导致地面钻井不产气或抽采气量低。以山西晋城岳城矿为例,研究不同采煤工艺下的采空区煤层气赋存特征、采空区积水和采空区裂隙带岩层渗透率对采空区煤层气地面开发的影响,提出采空区井布置原则和抽采技术,为解决三开空气钻进过程中岩粉进入裂隙带堵塞采空区煤层气运移通道问题,探索用水力冲孔方法提高采空区裂隙带岩层渗透率方面的应用。研究表明,煤矿采空区井布井原则:(1) 采空区井应布置在采空区积水区域之外;(2) 针对房柱式采煤形成的采空区空间形态,采空区井应避开保护煤柱最终完钻至采空区空间内;针对长臂式垮落法采煤形成的采空区空间形态,采空区井最优钻井区域为“O”形圈边界连线和采场边界之间靠近终采线一侧。研发了一种煤矿采空区井排水采气一体化抽采系统,该抽采系统实现了采空区井底积水抽排和煤层气抽采同步进行,解决了采空区上覆岩层承压涌水造成煤层气产量下降问题,抽采系统优化前后采空区井煤层气抽采量增加33.3%。探索性地将水力冲孔运用于解决钻井岩屑造成的采空区裂隙带岩层渗透率下降问题,工程试验结果表明,水力冲孔改造前后采空区井日均抽采量最高增长率为11.30%,提出了采用泡沫欠平衡钻井技术解决钻井岩粉侵入采空区裂隙带的建议。

     

  • 图  晋城矿区不同采煤工艺形成的采空区裂隙发育特征

    Fig. 1  Fracture development characteristics of the goaf formed by different mining techniques in Jincheng mining area

    图  采空区煤层气井钻井过程中井筒涌水

    Fig. 2  Wellbore water gushing during CBM well drilling in the goaf

    图  煤矿采空区井井位布置

    Fig. 3  Well location layout in the coal mine goaf

    图  采空区煤层气井排水采气一体化抽采系统

    Fig. 4  Integrated drainage and gas extraction system for CBM wells in the goaf

    图  YCCK-03井抽采系统优化前后抽采曲线

    Fig. 5  Drainage curves before and after optimization of YCCK-03 well drainage system

    图  YCCK-27井水力冲孔改造前后抽采曲线

    Fig. 6  Drainage curves before and after hydraulic punching reformation in YCCK-27 well

    表  1  采空区煤层气井钻井施工参数

    Table  1  Drilling construction parameters of CBM well in the goaf

    钻井井段止钻层位钻头直径/
    mm
    套管直径/
    mm
    一开稳定基岩层311.15273.10
    二开采空区上覆裂隙带顶部241.30193.70
    三开采空区内171.40139.70
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  煤矿采空区煤层气赋存压力

    Table  2  CBM occurrence pressure in the coal mine goaf

    井号井深/
    m
    甲烷体积
    分数/%
    赋存压力/
    kPa
    储层压力/
    kPa
    JSCK-01255.00901052 800
    JSCK-02284.0087982 870
    JSCK-15386.50841142 800
    YCCK-03275.4473973 250
    YCCK-11472.00691363 060
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  水力冲孔改造施工参数

    Table  3  Construction parameters of hydraulic punching reconstruction

    支撑剂规格石英砂量/m3平均砂比/%冲孔液/m3排量/(m3·min−1)破裂压力/
    MPa
    停泵压力/
    MPa
    前置液携砂液顶替液
    20~40目(425~850 μm)10.238.0920.10126.424.649.935.033.06
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  采空区井水力冲孔前后抽采效果对比

    Table  4  Comparison of drainage effect before and after hydraulic punching in goaf wells

    井号日均抽采量/m3增长率/
    %
    改造前改造后
    JSCK-134304504.65
    JSCK-16无连续气流无连续气流0
    YCCK-2757564011.30
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2021-09-26
  • 修回日期:  2022-01-22
  • 发布日期:  2022-05-25
  • 网络出版日期:  2022-05-07

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