潞安矿区煤层气井产出水地球化学特征及意义

华明国; 田林; 张燕; 李佳; 曹永恒

doi:10.12363/issn.1001-1986.21.06.0328

潞安矿区煤层气井产出水地球化学特征及意义

doi: 10.12363/issn.1001-1986.21.06.0328

华明国^1,,
田林^2, ,,
张燕¹,
李佳²,
曹永恒³

基金项目: 国家科技重大专项课题(2016ZX05067-006)

详细信息

第一作者:
华明国，1981年生，男，江苏扬州人，博士，高级工程师，从事煤矿安全技术研究. E-mail：huamingguo_0418@163.com

通信作者:
田林，1986年生，男，河南焦作人，博士，副教授，从事煤层气地质及开发技术研究. E-mail：lintian@hpu.edu.cn

中图分类号: TE132
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-06-17
- 修回日期: 2021-09-22
- 发布日期: 2022-02-01
- 网络出版日期: 2022-02-14

Geochemical characteristics and significance of water produced by coalbed methane wells in Lu’an Mining Area

摘要

摘要: 水文地球化学分析是研究煤层气富集条件及开采动力条件的重要方法。以沁水盆地中南段潞安矿区山西组3号煤煤层气井产出水为研究对象，开展了矿化度、H/O稳定同位素和主要离子浓度分布特征研究，结合区域构造展布特征及煤层气开发历史分析了区内煤层气开发优选区。结果表明：(1)潞安矿区分布有3个高矿化度区(五阳井田、余吾西南部、高河北部–古城井田)，地下水平均矿化度2 000~3 200 mg/L；1个低矿化度区域(常村井田和余吾井田中东部)，地下水平均矿化度1 500 mg/L。(2)煤层产出水中的$ \delta \mathrm{D} $和$ {\delta }^{18}\mathrm{O} $值均落在该区大气降水线附近，表明该区各含水层均有来自大气降水的补给，且煤层中的水主要来源于大气降水。(3)潞安矿区地表水从东部太行山裸露岩层区向下运移至含煤地层和下部奥陶系含水层，而后在灰岩系中向东出露地表，补给辛安泉域。研究区内两条区域断层文王山断层和二岗山断层是开放性导水断层，为地下水运移提供了通道，其展布特征决定了地下水的基本流动规律，其控制区域内的煤层气含量较低；地下水在挤压性断层中华–安昌断层附近、天仓向斜和许村向斜轴部相对滞流，矿化度较高，是煤层气富集区，也是潞安矿区煤层气开发的优选区。
- 煤层气 /
- 水文化学 /
- 构造控制 /
- 潞安矿区
Abstract: Hydro-geochemistry analysis is an important method for CBM exploration and development research. In this paper, the distribution characteristics of salinity, H/O stable isotope and ion concentration in sample water was investigated, and the optimal CBM development area was analyzed by the characteristics of regional structural distribution and the CBM development history. The testing water was from the No.3 CBM well of the Shanxi Formation Permian system in the Lu’an Mining area in the south-central part of Qinshui Basin. The results show that there are three high salinity areas in the mining area, with an average groundwater salinity of 2 000-3200 mg/L, including Wuyang Minefield, southwestern Yuwu, and northern Gaohe-Gucheng Minefield. And there is a low salinity area in Changcun minefield and east-central Yuwu Minefield, with an average groundwater salinity of about 1 500 mg/L. The $\delta {\rm{D}}$ and ${\delta }^{18}{\rm{O}}$ of testing water are close to the atmospheric precipitation line in the research area, indicating that all aquifers are supplied by atmospheric precipitation, and the water in the coal seam mainly comes from atmospheric precipitation. It also shows that the surface water in Lu’an Mining Area moves downward from the exposed rock stratum of Taihang Mountain in the east to the coal-bearing stratum and the lower Ordovician aquifer, and then exposes eastward in the limestone series to supply the Xin’an spring area. The Wenwangshan Fault and Ergangshan Fault are open water-conducting faults, providing channels for groundwater migration. Their distribution characteristics determine the basic flow law of groundwater, with lower gas content in the area. There are three groundwater retention areas with higher salinity, including Zhonghua-Anchang fault, Tiancang syncline and Xucun syncline. They are not only gas enrichment areas, but also preferred areas for CBM development.
- coalbed methane /
- hydro-geochemistry /
- structural control /
- Lu’an Mining Area

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图 1 潞安矿区构造纲要

Fig. 1 Structure map of Lu’an Mining Area

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图 2 潞安矿区区域水文地质

Fig. 2 Regional hydrological map of Lu’an Mining Area

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图 3 潞安矿区3号煤储层水矿化度等值线

Fig. 3 Contour map of water salinity in No.3 coal seam

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图 4 研究区H/O同位素分布曲线

Fig. 4 The H/O isotope distribution in research area

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图 5 潞安矿区3号煤层水化学Piper图

Fig. 5 Hydrochemical Piper map of coal water samples from No. 3 coal seam of Lu’an Mining Area

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表 1 离子浓度测试方法

Table 1 Testing method for ion concentration

离子	测试方法	执行标准
K⁺、Na⁺	分光光度法	DZ/T 0064.27—2021
Ca²⁺、Mg²⁺	EDTA滴定法	DZ/T 0064.13—2021
Cl⁻	硝酸银滴定法	DZ/T 0064.50—2021
CO₃ ²⁻ 、HCO₃ ⁻	酸碱滴定法	DZ/T 0064.49—2021
SO₄ ²⁻	EDTA滴定法	DZ/T 0064.64—2021

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表 2 实验水样矿化度分析结果

Table 2 Analysis results of salinity of water samples

井田	矿化度/(mg·L⁻¹)	标准差	变异系数
井田	最小~最大/平均值	标准差	变异系数
五阳	2 910~5 890/4 117.1	996.37	0.242
余吾	927~12 800/3 071.8	2 879.03	0.937
常村	729~1 450/1 119.8	252.32	0.225
李村	822~2 460/1 340.1	395.18	0.295
高河	1 220~3 700/2 071.0	781.27	0.377

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表 3 试验水样H/O同位素测试成果

Table 3 H/O isotope test results of water samples

区域	水样号	δ¹⁸O/‰	δD/‰
区域	水样号	最小~最大值/平均值
地表水	1	−9.2~−8.5/−8.9	−68.2~−58.9/−63.6
3号煤层顶板	2	−11.3~−9.8/−10.5	−81.9~−80.2/−81.1
3号煤层	WY3	−11.5~−9.0/−10.2	−76.5~−71.6/−74.9
	WY4	−11.2~−8.4/−9.8	−75.9~−74.3/−75.5
	CC5	−12.1~−10.1/−11.1	−84.2~−81.3/−83.2
	CC6	−11.4~−10.4/−10.9	−85.3~−83.5/−84.1
	CC7	−12.9~−11.7/−12.5	−83.8~−82.8/−83.5
	CC8	−12.8~−10.1/−12.4	−84.2~−83.5/−83.9
	YW9	−11.7~−10.7/−11.2	−81.6~−80.2/−81.1
	YW10	−10.9~−10.5/−10.8	−82.4~−80.5/−81.6
平均值		−11.11	−80.98

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表 4 潞安矿区3号煤层主要离子浓度测试结果

Table 4 Test results of main ion concentration of water samples from No. 3 coal seam of Lu’an Mining Area

矿区	pH	电导率/ (s·m⁻¹)	TDS/ (mg·L⁻¹)	主要离子质量浓度/(mg·L⁻¹)
矿区	pH	电导率/ (s·m⁻¹)	TDS/ (mg·L⁻¹)	K⁺	Na⁺	Ca²⁺	Mg²⁺	Cl⁻	HCO₃ ⁻	SO₄ ²⁻
五阳	8.543	0.580 0	4 117.1	12.60	462.39	6.71	2.100	434.63	1185.16	66.200
余吾	8.411	0.501 0	3 071.8	17.78	850.24	50.51	32.830	942.04	630.96	34.270
常村	8.597	0.158 0	1 119.8	14.33	393.75	4.62	1.712	279.35	430.26	9.180
李村	8.954	0.188 1	1 340.1	16.59	290.95	3.80	1.430	349.97	535.83	19.604
高河	8.710	0.291 8	2 071.0	11.24	232.51	4.98	1.930	298.65	573.15	9.029
平均	8.642	0.344 0	2 344.0	14.51	445.97	14.12	8.000	460.93	671.07	31.441

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