Abstract: Twenty-two water samples of deep-seated groundwater were taken in the mining area in northern Anhui to test twenty kinds of trace elements such as Ag、Al、As、Ba and so on. The major constituent analytical model was established, meanwhile the trace elements major constituent analysis and the major constituent interpretation for groundwater were performed according to the element correlation, the eigenvalue and the progressive total variance contributing rate. On the basis of this, four major constituents discriminants were developed for the main gushing water sources in the mining area in northern Anhui. It concluded that the groundwater in the mining area especially for the the content of the trace elements in the fourth aquifer, the Taiyuan limestone aquifer and the Ordovician limestone aquifer have related to the four major constituents. The first, the second, the third and the fourth major constituent can be simply generalized the lixiviation, the process of the leakage, the feeder action of river and the tectonic fracture respectively.