Abstract: The formation of peat swamps can be divided into two major categories,i. e. waterlogged peatification and terrestrial. There are three types of peat swamps:raised swamps, intermediate swamps and low-level swamps. Depending on the inherent accumulating relations, a formed peat swamp may evolves form a low-level one into a intermediate or a raised one. The study of the formation and evoluation of a peat swamp is significant not only for analyses of the formation, the compesition and the nature of a peat bed, but olso for analyses of characteristics of palaeoclimate and environments even the stability of geological structures during peat-forming period.