Abstract: Based on the analysis of upper ground deformation and destruction during mining process in Shendong mining area, this paper discusses the water-soil environment problems caused by the exploitation of coal resource such as mine shaft water breakthrough, well field destruction, surface collapse, ground fissures, vegetation withering, desertification and water pollution. Corresponding measures are proposed to protect well field and water environment by setting well field gradational protection system, and exploiting ground water though adopting the method of dammed up ground water at the discharge belt. Some regulating and controlling techniques are introduced, such as Mining Technique Measure, which can prevent or alleviate aquifer structure being destroyed, Aquifer Re-Build Technique under the control of some measure, Technique of Drainage Aquifer through exploiting ground water at the metamorphic rock belt caused by coal self-ignition, the Technique of Combination of Water Drainage-Water Supply-Environment protect, and the Sandy Land Purification Technique for treating wastewater of the mine.