Characteristics and favorable area evaluation of deep coalbed methane accumulation in Fugu area of the Ordos Basin
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摘要: 鄂尔多斯盆地东缘神府区块是典型深部煤层气田，资源丰富且勘探开发潜力巨大。2023年10月，神府深煤层大气田成功申报探明地质储量超1 100亿m3。府谷地区位于神府区块中部，是最早深部煤层气生产试验区，但目前对其煤层气的富集成藏规律和勘探开发潜力的认识尚不清楚。综合应用地震、测井、钻井和煤岩测试等资料以查明该地区深部煤层气地质特征、富集成藏规律和有利区分布。结果表明，主力煤层4+5、8+9号煤发育稳定且厚度较大（4+5煤： 3.2~5.8 m； 8+9煤： 8.7~13.5 m），有利层段主要分布在煤层中上部位置；宏观煤岩类型主要为光亮-半亮煤，煤体结构主要为原生-碎裂结构煤；受深成变质作用的影响，煤类以气煤、肥煤和焦煤为主，煤的变质程度处于热解生气的高峰期，煤储层表现出中-高含气量（4+5煤： 3.0~12.0 m3/t； 8+9煤：7.5~18.5 m3/t）和含气饱和度等特征（35.0%~115%）；主力煤层属于低渗储层（(0.01~0.09)×10-3μm2），孔隙结构主要以微孔和小孔为主。提出府谷地区煤层气为“挠褶-断层-水动力”富集成藏模式，煤层气富集区位于构造平缓区和斜坡带。建立深部煤层气地质-工程双甜点评价体系，识别出I类地质-工程甜点区位于东部和西南部，是研究区深部煤层气勘探开发首选区带。因此，该研究认识进一步丰富了深部煤层气富集成藏理论，对鄂东缘深部煤层气勘探开发实践具有重要指导意义。Abstract: The Shenfu block on the eastern edge of the Ordos Basin is a typical deep coalbed gas field with abundant resources and enormous exploration and development potential. In October 2023, the Shenfu deep coal seam atmospheric field has successfully applied for a proven geological reserve of over 110 billion m3. The Fugu area is located in the central part of the Shenfu block and is the earliest experimental area for deep coalbed methane production. However, the understanding of its coalbed methane enrichment and accumulation patterns and exploration and development potential is still unclear. Comprehensive application of seismic, logging, drilling, and coal rock testing data to identify the geological characteristics, enrichment and accumulation patterns, and distribution of favorable areas of deep coalbed methane in the region. The results show that the main coal seams 4+5 and 8+9 have stable development and large thickness (4+5 coal:3.2-5.8 m; 8+9 coal:8.7-13.5 m), and favorable layers are mainly distributed in the middle and upper parts of the coal seam; The macroscopic coal rock type is mainly bright semi bright coal, and the coal body structure is mainly primary fragmented coal; Due to the influence of deep metamorphism, coal is mainly composed of gas coal, fat coal, and coking coal. The degree of coal metamorphism is at the peak of pyrolysis gas generation, and coal reservoirs exhibit medium to high gas content (4+5 coal:3.0~12.0 m3/t; 8+9 coal:7.5~18.5 m3/t) and gas saturation (35.0%~115%); The main coal seam belongs to a low-permeability reservoir (0.01~0.09) ×10-3 μm2), the pore structure is mainly composed of micropores and small pores. It is proposed that the coalbed methane in the Fugu area is enriched and accumulated in a "fold fault hydrodynamic" model, with the coalbed methane enrichment area located in the tectonic gentle zone and slope zone. Establish a dual sweet spot evaluation system for deep coalbed methane geology and engineering, and identify Class I geological engineering sweet spot areas located in the east and southwest, which are the preferred areas for deep coalbed methane exploration and development in the study area. Therefore, this research further enriches the theory of deep coalbed methane enrichment and accumulation, and has important guiding significance for the exploration and development practice of deep coalbed methane in the eastern edge of the Ordos Basin.
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