Abstract: The paper has described conceptual design、system makes up,hardware disposition,software design,operation principle,function and technical feature about the long-distance hydrology monitoring system.Data which collected by gather station are sent to the control center from the GSM terminal.They are dealt with by the control center,draw out the corresponding curve and type the report form.If the GSM terminal has one malfunction,it will send corresponding information at maintenance personal cell-phone directly.The control center can also set parameters,gather regularly,and the control in relevant parameters,such as electric consumption of the battery,etc.