Abstract: The Shengdong mining area is located in Maowusu desert and its ecological environment is extremely fragile.It has displayed certain ecological environment problems with the outstanding conflicts between the large-scale exploitation of coal mining resources and environment protection.In the light of sustainable develop-ment guiding ideology,Shengdong coal mining company as the main developer,combined with its own character-istics,has explored a series of environment control measures which are ecological reasonable,economically viable,socially acceptable and environment-friendly,such as the ecological system optimization measures,surface water protection measures,subsidence control measures,coal gangue reduction and resource measures.The application of those measures has played an important role in its ecological protection and sustainable development,provided the valuable reference for the other mining areas.