Abstract: Focused on collapse and ecological environmental contamination caused by coal mining investigate the current situation of coal resources exploitation,the distribution of geological hazards or the environment geology questions such as mine collapse,water environmental contamination,soil pollution,analyses the harmfulness in Yanzhou coalfield.According to the statistics,the mining collapse area has reached to 116.127 km²,among which the water covers the area of 18.92 km²,the deepest to 9.2 m by the end of 2005.With the coal resource explotation persistence,the collapse area will expand and about 32 000 hm² collapse area would be formed in Yanzhou coalfield in the middle of 21^st Century.Deference the principle of exploit with protecting and protect with exploiting,combined with the situation of Yanzhou coalfield,come up with the protection and countermeasure,including improving mining method,UCG,reclaiming collapse land,integrated coal gangue utilization,etc..Finally,put forward a coal recyle economy model with its own characters.