Abstract: Seismic physical modeling acts as a bridge between the research on seismic theoretical methods and actual seismic exploration, which is an important means of studying the propagation law of the elastic wave field and verifying the processing and interpretation methods. It plays an important role of theoretical supporting in the field of oil & gas seismic exploration. There is a great difference between coalfield and oil & gas in seismic exploration attributes, and no professional automatic seismic physical modeling system has been built in the field of coal field seismic exploration. Therefore, a large professional 3D seismic physical modeling system for coalfield seismic exploration is designed and developed, which is composed mainly of the motion and control system, guide rail and transmission system, measurement system and acquisition system. In view of the problem of physical modeling acquisition of the system, the high positioning accuracy technology of single coordinate system and the accuracy unification technology of double coordinate system are developed. The spatial positioning accuracy error of the measurement system is not more than 7 μm, and the absolute zero coordinates of the double coordinate system are unified, which exceeds the expected research goals. The functions of the system are verified through the coalfield seismic physical modeling experiment with typical structures.