Friction law of compound drilling along the coal seam with super-long directional drilling
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摘要: 煤矿井下超长孔定向钻进中孔内摩阻是限制其成孔率及成孔效率的主要因素, 为适应大盘区瓦斯抽采模式的客观需求, 研究实钻过程中摩阻及其影响规律。为顺煤层超长定向钻孔复合钻进减摩阻工艺参数选取提供依据, 对煤矿井下顺煤层近水平复合钻进工况下钻柱的钻具运动特性及受力状态进行分析。通过一定的条件假设, 建立复合钻进轴向摩擦阻力和旋转摩擦扭矩力学模型, 通过数值计算, 针对常用ø89 mm定向钻具组合, 在不同孔深及钻进工艺参数匹配下的摩阻规律特性进行分析。结果表明：机械钻速、钻具转速、钻孔深度是滑动摩擦阻力和旋转摩擦扭矩的主控影响因素, 与超长定向钻孔实钻参数统计分析对比, 推进阻力和旋转扭矩变化规律与模型计算结果吻合, 该结果对于指导近水平钻孔复合定向钻进工艺参数选取、钻进工况判断具有重要的现实意义, 同时, 对于煤矿井下自动化、智能化定向钻进控制系统设计开发具有借鉴意义。Abstract: The internal friction is the main factor affecting the drilling rate and drilling efficiency in super-long directional drilling in coal mines. In order to meet the objective demand of gas drainage mode in big panels, the friction and its influence law in drilling process are studied. To provide a basis for the selection of friction reduction process parameters of compound drilling along coal seam with super-long directional drilling, the drill string motion characteristics and stress state under the condition of near-horizontal compound drilling in the coal mine are analyzed. With certain conditional assumptions, the mechanical models of axial frictional resistance and rotational frictional torque of composite drilling are established. Under different hole depths and matching drilling process parameters, numerical calculations are carried out to analyze the friction law characteristics of the common ø89 mm directional assembly. The results reveal that the mechanical drilling speed, drilling rotation speed and drilling depth are the main controlling factors of sliding friction resistance and rotating friction torque. Compared with the statistical analysis of actual drilling parameters of super-long directional drilling, the changes of propulsion resistance and rotating torque are consistent with the calculation of the model. The result is of important practical significance for guiding the selection of technological parameters and drilling conditions of compound directional drilling near horizontal holes. Furthermore, it has referential significance for the design of automatic and intelligent directional drilling control system in underground coal mines.
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图 1 复合钻进推进压力随孔深变化曲线
Fig. 1 The pressure curve of composite drilling propulsion system varying with hole depths
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图 2 复合钻进钻具轴向摩擦阻力模型
Fig. 2 Model of axial frictional resistance of the composite drilling tools
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图 3 复合钻进钻具旋转摩擦阻力模型
Fig. 3 Model of rotational frictional resistance of the composite drilling tools
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图 4 轴向摩擦阻力随机械钻速变化曲线
Fig. 4 The curves of axial frictional resistance varying with the rate of drilling
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图 5 摩擦扭矩随机械钻速变化曲线
Fig. 5 The curves of friction torque varying with the mechanical drilling speeds
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图 6 轴向摩擦阻力随复合转速变化曲线
Fig. 6 The curves of axial frictional resistance varying with compound speeds
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图 8 轴向摩擦阻力随孔深变化曲线
Fig. 8 The curves of axial frictional resistance varying with hole depths
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图 10 超长孔复合钻进系统推进压力随孔深变化曲线
Fig. 10 The propulsion pressure curves of super-long hole composite drilling system varying with hole depths
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