Comprehensive testing research on floor damage characteristics of mining extra-thick seam in Jungar Coalfield
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摘要: 鄂尔多斯盆地准格尔煤田某矿石炭-二叠系6煤层为特厚煤层，平均可采厚度17.0 m，其底板受到灰岩水的威胁。针对这种情况，现场采用分布式光纤传感及跨孔电阻率CT原位综合测试技术，先后获得了采动过程中多个工作面底板破坏应变场及地电场响应特征数据。结合岩样加载变形破坏的判别阈值参数及探测实践，对采区内4个工作面底板测试数据进行综合分析，获得了区内底板岩层破坏空间特征及其规律认识。分析认为底板破坏在垂向上具有明显的分带性，采区工作面底板破坏深度在7.2~16.5 m，主要破坏层位在细砂岩以上层段，扰动影响最大深度在33 m左右，主要扰动层位在砂质泥岩以上层段；底板破坏在横向上具有超前性，超前距离在25~60 m范围；区内工作面底板破坏特征具有一定的相似性，动压影响下的底板损伤程度在空间上呈东北区域浅、西南区域深的分布规律。原位测试所获得的数据对区内6煤层水害防治及安全开采具有指导作用。Abstract: The 6th coal seam of the Carboniferous Permian in a coal mine in the Ordos Basin of Inner Mongolia is an extra-thick coal seam with an average minable thickness of 17.0 m. Its floor is threatened by limestone water. Distributed sensing optical fiber technology and cross-hole resistivity CT in situ comprehensive testing technology were used in the field, and the response characteristics of strain field and geoelectric field were obtained successively during mining. Combined with the threshold value of the discriminant parameter for loading deformation and failure of rock samples and detection section of practice, the monitoring data of the floor of four working faces in the mining area are analyzed comprehensively, and the detailed characteristics and evolution distribution law of the floor failure in the area are obtained. The floor failure has obvious zonation in vertical direction. It is believed that the floor failure depth of the working face in the mining area is 7.2-16.5 m, and the main damage layer is in the fine sandstone interval. The destructive disturbance zone is approximately 33 m deep, mainly in the sandy mudstone interval. The failure of the soleplate has a transverse leading stress effect, and the leading influence distance varies from 25 to 60 m. In addition, the damage characteristics of the floor in the study area are similar to a certain extent. The damage degree of floor caused by mining is spatially distributed in shallow areas in the northeast and deep areas in the southwest. The data obtained from the on-site test has a guiding role for the safe mining of the 6th coal seam in the deep part of the area and the prevention of water hazard.
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