松散承压含水层渗透系数变化规律与估算模型研究

Variation law and estimation model of permeability coefficient in unconsolidated confined aquifer

  • 摘要: 我国华北隐伏型煤田的煤系普遍被第四系松散层覆盖,其中的松散承压含水层在煤矿生产中常带来矿井突水、地表沉降、井筒变形破坏等水文地质灾害,造成巨大经济损失和人员伤亡。渗透系数是反映松散承压含水层土体介质渗透能力的重要参数,其数值的合理估算,对该类煤矿水文地质灾害的防治具有重要指导意义。目前,华北隐伏型煤田松散承压含水层渗透系数往往仅通过现场抽水试验确定,基于地质勘探钻孔信息与数据估算松散承压含水层渗透系数的模型研究较少。通过收集淮北煤田祁东煤矿松散承压含水层已有抽水试验的钻孔信息与数据,选取承压含水层厚度、泥层砂层比、最厚砂层占比、有效应力与底砾层厚比作为影响指标,分别与渗透系数进行相关性分析。最终确定底砾层厚比、有效应力、泥层砂层比为关键影响指标,并分析其对渗透系数的影响规律。结果表明,松散承压含水层渗透系数随底砾层厚比的增加而增大,随有效应力和泥层砂层比的增加而减小。在此基础上,采用多元线性回归分析,提出了基于底砾层厚比、有效应力、泥层砂层比的渗透系数估算模型。并将该估算模型应用于淮北煤田祁南、朱仙庄、青东煤矿松散承压含水层的渗透系数估算,结果显示估算结果与试验值一致。

     

    Abstract: The coal measure strata in the concealed coalfields in North China are generally covered by the Quaternary loose soils. Many hydrogeological hazards, such as mine water inrush, surface subsidence and wellbore deformation failure, have occurred in mining under unconsolidated confined aquifer, which has caused huge economic losses and casualties. The permeability coefficient is an important parameter that reflects the permeability of soil medium in the unconsolidated confined aquifer. A reasonable estimation of its values has important guiding significance for the prevention and control of such hydrogeological hazards. At present, the permeability coefficient of the unconsolidated confined aquifer in the concealed coalfield in North China is often only determined by the pumping test, and there are few models to estimate the permeability coefficient of unconsolidated confined aquifer based on geological exploration borehole information and data. In the paper, the data of the existing pumping test boreholes in the unconsolidated confined aquifer in the Qidong coalmine of the Huaibei Coalfield was collected and the thickness of confined aquifer, the mud-sand ratio, the thickest sand ratio, the effective stress and the thickness ratio of bottom gravel were selected as influencing indices. The thickness ratio of bottom gravel, the effective stress and the mud-sand ratio were determined as the key influencing indices after analyzing the correlation with the permeability coefficient. Therefore, its influence laws on permeability coefficient are analyzed, and the results show that the permeability coefficient of unconsolidated confined aquifer increases with the thickness ratio of bottom gravel, and decreases with the effective stress and the mud-sand ratio. Then, using multiple linear regression analysis, a permeability coefficient estimation model was proposed based on the thickness ratio of bottom gravel, the effective stress and the mud-sand ratio. The estimation model has been successfully estimated the permeability coefficients of the unconsolidated confined aquifer in Qinan, Zhuxianzhuang and Qingdong coalmines of the Huaibei Coalfield, and the estimated results are consistent with the values of pumping test.

     

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