Abstract: In order to reduce the blind zone of the transient electromagnetic detection in mines and improve the detection accuracy, the high-resolution transient electromagnetic detection technology for the ultra shallow layer in mines is studied. The high-resolution transient electromagnetic detection technology for ultra-shallow layer in mines is not only suitable for conventional mine geological exploration, but also for high-resolution detection of shallow geological bodies such as cracks in the roof of the mine roadway, ensuring the safe and efficient mining. Through theoretical research, the feasibility of the shallow high-resolution transient electromagnetic method in mine was established; the hardware system of the shallow high-resolution transient electromagnetic detection system was studied, and the transmitting circuit and the receiving antenna of the hardware system were studied. The hardware system can be applied to ultra-shallow high-resolution detection; research on data acquisition software and shallow signal inductance correction methods, data acquisition software, and data correction methods has improved the transient electromagnetic shallow detection capability and detection resolution. The analysis of the actual measured data at the mine site and the comparison with the drilling verification results show that this technology can achieve the target of the transient high-resolution electromagnetic detection for ultra-shallow layer in mines, is suitable for mine production.