Development and application of macroscopic and mesoscopic analytical testing instrument for reinforcement-soil interface characteristics
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摘要: 为了更全面地分析筋土界面相互作用特性，改制了一台可视加筋土界面特性宏细观分析的试验仪器，可开展不同土工合成材料与填料的直剪和拉拔试验；该仪器改进了试验箱的尺寸，可方便两种试验的对比分析，增加了图像摄录系统，可进行试验过程的细观分析。使用新研制仪器分别进行了土工合成材料（土工格栅和土工布）加筋尾矿砂的直剪和拉拔试验，试验结果表明：两种试验条件下，土工格栅与尾矿的界面参数（似黏聚力和似摩擦角）及似摩擦系数均比土工布与尾矿的界面参数和似摩擦系数大；直剪试验下筋材网孔的有无对筋-尾矿界面参数均有较大影响，拉拔试验下筋材网孔有无对筋-尾矿界面参数似黏聚力的影响较为显著，对似摩擦角的影响较小。随着宏观变量法向应力的增加，细观参数孔隙率减小，平均接触数增加，反映在宏观上的现象就是填料颗粒被压密，筋材需要克服的阻力增大。该试验仪器能够较好地分析筋土界面宏细观特性，获得关键技术指标以用于加筋结构的设计。Abstract: To analyze the interaction characteristics of soil-reinforcement interface more comprehensively, an experimental instrument for macro-and micro-analysis of interface characteristics of visible reinforced soils was developed and can be used for direct shear and pull-out tests with different geosynthetics and fillers. The instrument improves the size of test box, facilitates the comparative analysis of the two tests, and has an image recording system which enables the microscopic analysis of test process. The direct shear and pull-out tests of geosynthetics(geogrid and geotextile) reinforced tailings sand were carried out with the newly developed apparatus. The results show that the interface parameters(pseudo-cohesion and pseudo friction angle) and pseudo-friction coefficient between geogrid and tailings are about 30% larger than those between geotextile and tailings under the two test conditions. The presence or absence of reinforcement mesh has great influence on the interface parameters of reinforcement-tailings under direct shear test, while has more significant influence on the pseudo-cohesion of reinforcement-tailings interface parameters and less on the pseudo friction angle under pull-out test. With the increase of normal stress of macro variable, the porosity of micro parameter decreases while the average contact number increases. The macro phenomenon reflects that the filler particles are compacted and the resistance of reinforcement materials to be overcome increases. The test instrument can better analyze the macro and micro characteristics of reinforced soil interface, and obtain key technical indicators for the design of reinforced structures.
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