Mechanism of Ordovician limestone water inrush from the floor of caving mining face in thick coal seam and water hazard detection technology of nearly horozontal borehole
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摘要: 为研究受奥陶系灰岩（简称“奥灰”）水威胁的工作面能否采取放顶煤开采，选择准格尔煤田黄玉川煤矿研究奥灰突水机理。该矿6上煤底板承受奥灰水压为0~4.49 MPa，隔水层厚度为54.296~75.78m，6上煤底板奥灰突水系数为0~0.085MPa/m，绝大部分区域小于临界突水系数0.06 MPa/m；而一盘区巷道掘进遇断层时曾发生多次突水，说明该区具有不同的突水机理。矿井断层、裂隙发育，存在隐伏陷落柱，对断层、陷落柱的放水试验发现，北北东向地质优势面控制奥灰含水层富水性。在黄玉川煤矿216上01工作面，通过定水头压水试验测得底板最大破坏深度为34.9 m，阐明了准格尔煤田底板奥灰强渗通道耦合底板破坏的突水机理，改变了从纵向上认识底板奥灰突水的传统，从平面上施工小角度定向长钻孔探查垂向强渗通道，并进一步局部注浆加固，解决了采掘过程中的奥灰水害。Abstract: In order to study whether top coal caving can be adopted in the working face threatened by Ordovician limestone water, Huangyuchuan coal mine of Jungar coalfield was chosen to study the water inrush mechanism. The water pressure of the floor of coal seam 6upper is 0~4.49 MPa and the thickness of water insulation layer is 54.296 m, while the average water inrush coefficient of the upper floor is 0~0.085 MPa/m which is lower than the critical water inruch coefficent. In fact, water inrush have occurred many times when tunneling across faults. It indicates that there is different water inrush mechanism in the area.The faults and fissures are developed and there are hidden karst collapsed columns in the mine, and the outflow test results in faults and karst collapsed columns shows that the dominant structural plane in the north-east direction controls the water enrichment of Ordovician aquifers. In working face 01 in 21 panel of 6upper coal seam of Huangyuchuan coal mine, the maximum floor failure depth measured by pumping test was 34.9 m. This paper expounds the mechanism of water inrush caused by coupling coal floor damage and Ordovician strong seepage channel, which changes the traditional understanding of water inrush through vertical water-conducting from Ordovician aquifer. Nearly horizontal directional long holes have been drilled to explore and reinforce the vertical strong seepage channels, so Ordovician limestone water hazard in the process of mining is solved.
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