Comprehensive outburst prevention technology of outburst-prone coal seam uncovered by crossdrift in Hongshan coal mine
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摘要: 煤矿井下石门揭煤诱发的煤与瓦斯突出是一种十分复杂的矿井地质动力灾害，严重威胁着煤矿安全高效生产。选取辽宁红山煤矿为工程背景，运用FLAC3D模拟分析矿井南翼瓦斯突出危险区石门揭12煤过程中围岩力学响应特征，揭示石门揭煤突出机理，提出瓦斯预抽措施配以改进金属骨架的综合防突技术方案。研究结果表明：石门揭12煤期间，工作面超前支承压力随石门掘进动态前移，距煤层6 m范围内，工作面前方围岩掘进扰动强烈，煤体出现明显应力集中现象，垂直应力为15~19 MPa，已超过煤体强度。同时，石门工作面围岩变形量急剧增大，顶板下沉位移为15~92.22 cm，煤体弹性变形能积聚；工作面围岩塑性区范围也迅速扩展，在石门中线垂直剖面上的面积为10~50 m2，裂纹贯通形成碎煤射流通道。综合模拟结果可知，石门揭12煤过程中煤体承载较高集中应力和瓦斯压力，且储存大量弹性变形能，极易诱发突出。基于此，在传统瓦斯预抽防突措施的基础上，对现有金属骨架防突技术进行改进，使其同时具备瓦斯预抽、煤体固化和超前支护的综合防突作用，并通过现场应用取得了良好效果，为类似条件石门揭煤防突研究提供重要借鉴和参考。Abstract: Coal and gas outburst is a complex geo-dynamic disaster induced by a coal seam uncovered by crossdrift, threatens the safety and efficient production of coal mines seriously. For this, Hongshan coal mine was selected as engineering background to simulate mechanical response characteristics of surrounding rock during uncovering No.12 coal seam in a gas bursting hazardous zone with FLAC3D software. Then the outburst mechanism during uncovering a coal seam by a crossdrift was revealed, and comprehensive outburst prevention technology combining mine gas pre-drainage and improved metal skeleton was put forward. The results showed that the abutment pressure ahead of the working face moved forward dynamically with crossdrift advance, within the range of 6 m from No.12 coal seam, excavation disturbance of surrounding rock in front of the working face was strong, and there was an obvious stress concentration phenomenon in the coal seam, where vertical stress was 1.25-1.58, which had exceeded the coal strength. Meanwhile, surrounding rock deformation increased sharply, roof subsidence displacement was 15~92.22 cm, so that coal elastic deformation energy was accumulated. Certainly, surrounding rock plastic zone also expanded rapidly, and the area on the crossdrift midline vertical section was 10~50 m2, until cracks completely penetrated and formed jet channels for crushing coal. So in the process of uncovering No.12 coal seam by a crossdrift, the coal seam was under high concentrated stress and gas pressure, and stored great deal of elastic deformation energy, which easily induced coal and gas outburst. Above all, on the basis of using traditional outburst prevention measures with mine gas pre-drainage, the existing outburst prevention technique of metal skeleton was improved, which had a comprehensive outburst prevention effect, such as gas pre-drainage, coal solidification and advance support. And this was applied to prevent outburst at the site and obtained good effect, provided important reference for outburst prevention when coal seam was uncovered by a crossdrift under the similar conditions.
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