Abstract: Bowen-Surat Basin is a superimposed rifting basin located in the eastern Australian and the largest CBM basins in Australia. The paper, through a comprehensive analysis of petroleum geology methods, summarizes Bowen-Surat basin petroleum geology characteristics, and then analyzes CBM enrichment regularities. In the plane CBM is enriched in the Taroom trough and Chinchilla-Goondiwindi slopes, vertically enriched in Permian Blackwater Group and Jurassic Walloon coal measures. Aiming at the planar and vertical distribution regularities of CBM reservoirs, combining with sedimentary system, gas source rock, coal rank, porosity, permeability and other factors and making the correlation analysis, the paper concluded that there are eight main factors controlling the distribution of CBM reservoirs, i.e., sedimentary control, distribution range controlled by gas source rock, coal rank, depth, porosity and permeability, horizon controlled by structure confining.