Abstract: Earth can be treated as full elastic isotropic medium in general calculation of seismic wave. Viscoelastic model is more realistic than elastic model for fine observation of surface soil. Vibroseis is a precise, controllable and safe new source developed in recent years. The study of vibroseis transmission dynamics is less mature than pulse source. This article uses finite difference to simulate propagation of seismic wave excited by vibroseis in viscoelastic medium. Kelvin viscoelastic wave equations with absorbing boundary condition and vibration source model are given. The acceleration of received signals and the propagation distance have the cubic polynomial exponential relationship, which is more accurate than the linear exponential relationship, this formula can predict the effective received distance of certain acquisition system.