Natural gamma-ray log-derived heat production rates of strata and lithospheric thermal structure in the central depression, Yinggehai Basin
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摘要:目的
岩石圈热结构对探索盆地热演化的动力学过程、地热资源评价和开发利用具有重要意义。由于莺歌海盆地生热率数据的匮乏，限制了岩石圈热结构的研究。
方法利用莺歌海盆地23口钻井的自然伽马测井数据，通过GR(自然伽马值)-A(岩石放射性生热率)经验公式，计算莺歌海盆地中央凹陷的地层生热率；依托OBS地壳速度结构模型建立地层生热率参数柱，计算壳幔热流及其比值、莫霍面温度和热岩石圈厚度，获取岩石圈热结构。
结果和结论结果表明：莺歌海盆地中央凹陷地壳热流为19.2~27.1 mW/m2，平均值为(23.5±2.8) mW/m2，地幔热流为49.2~57.2 mW/m2，平均值为(52.8±2.8) mW/m2；莫霍面温度为613~707 ℃，平均温度为(671±31) ℃；热岩石圈厚度为61.23~64.89 km，平均厚度为(63.58±1.35) km；壳幔热流配比为0.45±0.08，岩石圈热结构表现出“冷壳热幔”的特征，反映出莺歌海盆地中央凹陷的热状态受深部热源的影响。研究成果不仅为该地区地热资源的进一步勘探和开发提供了科学依据，还为盆地的地球动力学研究提供重要参考。
Abstract:ObjectiveUnderstanding the lithospheric thermal structure is significant for exploring the dynamics of a basin's thermal evolution, as well as for the assessment, exploitation, and utilization of geothermal resources in a basin. However, the limited data on heat production in the Yinggehai Basin has constrained research into the lithospheric thermal structure of the basin.
MethodsUsing natural gamma-ray (NGR) logs from 23 wells in the Yinggehai Basin, this study calculated the heat production rates of strata in the central depression using the fitted gamma-ray value (GR) - radiogenic heat production rate (A) empirical formula. Based on the ocean bottom seismometer (OBS)-derived crustal velocity structure model, this study established a parameter column of the heat production rates of strata. Accordingly, this study calculated the crustal and mantle heat flow, the crustal-mantle heat flow ratio, Moho temperature, and thermal lithospheric thickness, thereby determining the lithospheric thermal structure.
Results and ConclusionsThe results indicate that the central depression of the Yinggehai Basin exhibits crustal heat flow ranging from 19.2 to 27.1 mW/m2, with an average of (23.5±2.8) mW/m2; mantle heat flow from 49.2 to 57.2 mW/m2, with an average of (52.8±2.8) mW/m2; Moho temperature from 613 to 707 ℃, with an average of (671±31) ℃, and thermal lithospheric thickness from 61.23 to 64.89 km, with an average of (63.58±1.35) km. With a crust-mantle heat flow ratio of （0.45±0.08）, the lithospheric thermal structure is characterized by cold crust and hot mantle, indicating the impacts of deep heat sources on the thermal state of the central depression in the Yinggehai Basin. The results of this study not only provide a scientific basis for further exploration and exploitation of geothermal resources in the central depression but also serve as a valuable reference for research on the geodynamics of the basin.
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图 3 莺歌海盆地中央凹陷生热率样本堆积图
Fig. 3 Stacked bar plot showing the sample quantities for calculating heat production rates in the central depression of the Yinggehai Basin
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图 4 莺歌海盆地部分钻井生热率随深度变化
Fig. 4 Depth-varying heat production rates in selected wells of the Yinggehai Basin
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图 6 莺歌海盆地中央凹陷现今温度剖面
Fig. 6 Section showing the present-day temperature of the central depression in the Yinggehai Basin
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图 7 莺歌海盆地中央凹陷热岩石圈厚度
Fig. 7 Thermal lithospheric thickness of the central depression in the Yinggehai Basin
表 1 不同公式计算出的生热率值与实测值对比
Table 1 Comparison of heat production rates calculated using different formulas and those measured
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表 2 莺歌海盆地中央凹陷地层生热率及样本数
Table 2 Heat production rates and sample quantities for strata in the central depression of the Yinggehai Basin
地层 样本数 生热率/(μW·m−3) 范围 均值±标准差 乐东组(Q) 2 959 0.12~2.24 1.09±0.39 莺歌海组(N2y) 3 767 0.53~2.90 1.46±0.36 黄流组(N1h) 818 0.35~2.70 1.47±0.42 梅山组(N1m) 594 0.30~3.10 1.33±0.43 三亚组(N1s) 129 0.70~2.50 1.34±0.30 陵水组(E3l) 168 0.80~3.80 1.76±0.52
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表 3 莺歌海盆地中央凹陷大地热流[38]
Table 3 Terrestrial heat flow in the central depression of the Yinggehai Basin[38]
井号 大地热流/(mW·m−2) 均值±标准差/(mW·m−2) DF1-1-1 77.9 76.4±8.5 DF1-1-3 79.8 DF1-1-5 83.6 DF1-1-7 83.7 DF1-1-9 79.8 LD8-1-1 70.3 LD15-1-1 81.7 LD20-1-1 57.4 LD22-1-1 65.8 LD22-1-6 83.6
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表 4 莺歌海盆地中央凹陷地层生热率及热导率
Table 4 Heat production rates and thermal conductivities of strata in the central depression of the Yinggehai Basin
地层 生热率/(μW·m−3) 热导率/(W·m−1·K−1) 范围 均值±标准差 范围 均值±标准差 乐东组(Q) 0.12~2.24 1.09±0.39 1.40 莺歌海组(N2y) 0.53~2.90 1.46±0.36 1.33~2.09 1.82±0.35 黄流组(N1h) 0.35~2.70 1.47±0.42 2.12~3.42 2.61±0.46 梅山组(N1m) 0.30~3.10 1.33±0.43 2.34 三亚组(N1s) 0.70~2.50 1.34±0.30 2.02 陵水组(E3l) 0.80~3.80 1.76±0.52 2.10
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表 5 莺歌海盆地中央凹陷地壳结构物性参数
Table 5 Physical property parameters of the crustal structure in the central depression of the Yinggehai Basin
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表 6 莺歌海盆地中央凹陷A—A剖面地壳热流计算结果
Table 6 Calculated crustal heat flow along section A—A of the central depression in the Yinggehai Basin
观测点 厚度/km 生热率/(μW·m−3) 地壳热流/(mW·m−2) 沉积层 上地壳上部 上地壳下部低速带 下地壳 沉积层 上地壳上部 上地壳下部低速带 下地壳 A1 1.74 4.64 7.82 12.32 1.33 0.89 1.30 0.21 19.2 A2 2.74 4.40 8.00 11.38 1.33 0.89 1.30 0.21 20.4 A3 4.29 5.42 8.50 8.29 1.33 0.89 1.30 0.21 23.3 A4 7.60 4.40 6.60 4.40 1.33 0.89 1.30 0.21 23.5 A5 11.00 3.14 4.46 4.40 1.33 0.89 1.30 0.21 24.2 A6 13.00 2.40 4.96 5.33 1.33 0.89 1.30 0.21 27.0 A7 13.20 2.48 4.83 5.21 1.33 0.89 1.30 0.21 27.1 平均值 7.65±4.49 3.38±1.08 6.45±1.57 7.33±3.11 1.33 0.89 1.30 0.21 23.5±2.8
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表 7 莺歌海盆地中央凹陷岩石圈热结构
Table 7 Lithospheric thermal structure in the central depression of the Yinggehai Basin
观测点 莫霍面温度/℃ 热岩石圈厚度/km 地壳热流/(mW·m−2) 地幔热流/(mW·m−2) 壳幔热流配比 A1 682 61.23 19.2 57.2 0.34 A2 681 61.91 20.4 56.0 0.36 A3 667 64.84 23.3 53.0 0.44 A4 613 64.89 23.5 52.8 0.45 A5 643 63.49 24.2 52.2 0.46 A6 705 64.32 27.0 49.4 0.55 A7 707 64.37 27.1 49.2 0.55 平均值 671±31 63.58±1.35 23.5±2.8 52.8±2.8 0.45±0.08
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