R&D and application of an experimental system for coal permeability enhancement through resonance under the excitation of low-frequency vibration
-
摘要:目的
振动波激励煤体共振增渗技术作为一种新兴的绿色高效增渗手段，利用低频振动所产生的应力波激励煤体使其孔裂隙发育，渗透率提升。为研究激励频率、应力场及共振效应等因素对增渗效果的影响，探明低频振动激励煤体共振增渗机制，自主设计研发了低频振动激励煤体增渗实验系统。
方法该实验系统包括主机控制单元、煤样夹持单元、振动激励单元与煤体振动参数监测单元四个部分，可以测试煤体的固有频率、模拟不同强度的激励条件和实时监测振动激励下煤体的振动响应特征。以河南焦作赵固二矿无烟煤样品为研究对象，利用该实验系统开展煤体固有频率测试实验及低频振动激励下煤体渗流实验，揭示在不同激振参数、应力大小等因素下低频振动激励煤体渗透特性变化规律，实现煤体原位受迫振动，通过监测煤体振动响应特征，观测煤体在低频振动激励下所出现的共振效应，并结合工业CT扫描技术，阐明煤体共振致裂增渗的影响机制。
结果和结论实验结果表明：(1)低频振动作用促使煤体渗透率上升，越靠近煤岩损伤的临界失稳状态时低频振动激励下煤体增渗效果越好。(2)当低频振动激励频率与煤体固有频率(20 Hz)相接近时煤体产生共振效应，煤体受迫共振后加速度响应加大，煤岩体内部的微裂隙逐渐扩展，煤基质内部的孔裂隙连通，使得其渗透率提升效果显著。上述实验结果及实验设备的研发，可以揭示低频振动激励煤体共振增渗的影响机制，为低渗煤层瓦斯高效抽采提供理论指导。
Abstract:ObjectiveAs an emerging green, efficient method for enhancing coal permeability, coal resonance under the excitation of vibration waves works by stimulating the development of pores and fractures in coals using the stress waves generated by low-frequency vibration. To investigate the impacts of excitation frequency, stress field, and resonance effect on permeability enhancement, as well as exploring the mechanisms behind coal permeability enhancement using the method, this study independently designed and developed an experimental system.
MethodsThe system, consisting of a mainframe control unit, a coal-sample clamping unit, a vibrational excitation unit, and a coal vibration parameter monitoring unit, allows for testing the natural frequency of coals, simulating excitation conditions with varying intensities, and real-time monitoring of the vibration response characteristics of coal under the vibrational excitation. Using this system, this study examined the anthracite samples from the Zhaogu No. 2 Coal Mine in Jiaozuo, Henan Province. Through experiments on the natural frequency of coals and their seepage under the excitation of low-frequency vibration, this study revealed the variation patterns of coal permeability under the excitation of low-frequency vibration with different excitation parameters and stress magnitudes, achieving the in-situ forced vibration of coals. This study observed the resonance effect of coals under the excitation of low-frequency vibration by monitoring the vibration response characteristics of coals. Based on this, as well as industrial CT, this study elucidated the mechanisms behind coal permeability enhancement through resonance-induced fracturing.
Results and ConclusionsThe experimental results are outlined as follows: (1) Low-frequency vibration enhanced the coal permeability, and more effective permeability enhancement of coals was achieved in the case where the coal-rock damage approached its critical instability. (2) The coals produced a resonance effect when the vibrational frequency approached their natural frequency (20 Hz). The forced resonance of the coals was accompanied by increased acceleration response, the gradual propagation of microfractures inside coals and rocks, and the interconnection of pores and fractures inside the coal matrix, thus significantly enhancing the coal permeability. These experimental results and the R&D of the experimental system can reveal the mechanisms behind coal permeability enhancement through resonance under the excitation of low-frequency vibration, thus serving as a theoretical guide for efficient gas extraction from low-permeability coal seams.
-
-
![]()
图 1 低频振动激励煤体共振增渗实验系统结构
Fig. 1 Structure of the experimental system for coal permeability enhancement through resonance under the excitation of low-frequency vibration
![]()
图 4 不同轴压下振动激励煤体渗透率及其增量变化
Fig. 4 Changes in coal permeability and its increment under vibrational excitation using different axial pressures
![]()
图 5 不同频率下煤体渗透率及加速度响应曲线
Fig. 5 Curves of coal permeability and acceleration response under different frequencies
![]()
图 6 共振前后无烟煤的三方位切片
1—俯视图的切片；2—主视图的切片；3—右视图的切片
Fig. 6 Top, front, and right side views of anthracite slices before and after resonance
表 1 技术参数
Table 1 Technical parameters
技术参数/仪器(装置) 指标值 煤样尺寸(直径×长度)/
(mm×mm)50×100 真空泵 抽气速度4 L/s，真空度6×10−2 Pa 参考罐 300 mL，耐压16 MPa 冲击渗流煤样夹持装置 承载气体压力≥10 MPa 压力传感器 0~16 MPa，精度0.3%FS 流量计量程/(mL·min−1) 0~100、0~500、0~2 000、
0~10 000，精度1%FS围压/MPa 0~16 轴压/MPa 0~16 MOOG C086-9
液压作动器激振力0~5 kN、振幅0.15~30 mm、
激振频率0~100 HzEL3356-0010
力传感器调理模块24 bit分辨率，差分输入 数字量输入模块 EL103X，数字量输入 传感器输入模块 16 bit分辨率 压电式加速度
传感器/kHz1~10 
下载: 导出CSV
表 2 煤样固有频率测试结果
Table 2 Test results of the natural frequencies for coal samples
煤样编号 固有频率 一阶固有频率/Hz 出现频次 WY-1 17.5 20 WY-2 20.0 20 WY-3 20.0 19 WY-4 17.5 20 WY-5 20.0 19
下载: 导出CSV
-
[1] 田雨桐,张平松,吴荣新,等. 煤层采动条件下断层活化研究的现状分析及展望[J]. 煤田地质与勘探,2021,49(4):60−70. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1986.2021.04.008 TIAN Yutong,ZHANG Pingsong,WU Rongxin,et al. Research status and prospect of fault activation under coal mining conditions[J]. Coal Geology & Exploration,2021,49(4):60−70. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1986.2021.04.008
[2] 张家林,杨帆,张望,等. 深部资源开采创新成效分析与思考[J]. 采矿与安全工程学报,2024,41(3):450−461. ZHANG Jialin,YANG Fan,ZHANG Wang,et al. Innovation effectiveness analysis and technology management reflection of deep resource exploitation[J]. Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering,2024,41(3):450−461.
[3] 袁亮. 我国深部煤与瓦斯共采战略思考[J]. 煤炭学报,2016,41(1):1−6. YUAN Liang. Strategic thinking of simultaneous exploitation of coal and gas in deep mining[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2016,41(1):1−6.
[4] 林海飞,仇悦,韩双泽,等. 脉冲超声波激励对煤的孔隙全尺度改造效应[J]. 煤田地质与勘探,2023,51(8):139−149. DOI: 10.12363/issn.1001-1986.23.01.0033 LIN Haifei,QIU Yue,HAN Shuangze,et al. Stimulation effect of pulsed ultrasonic excitation on coal pores with full-scale pore sizes[J]. Coal Geology & Exploration,2023,51(8):139−149. DOI: 10.12363/issn.1001-1986.23.01.0033
[5] WANG Zhenjun,XU Yuanming. Review on application of the recent new high-power ultrasonic transducers in enhanced oil recovery field in China[J]. Energy,2015,89:259−267. DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2015.07.077
[6] AL-SHAMI T M,JUFAR S R,HAMADA G M,et al. Effect of seismic excitation on mobilization of trapped oil globule in pore doublet model[J]. International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Robotics Research,2019:998–1002.
[7] ZUO Lili,XING Xiaokai,ZHANG Yue,et al. Destruction of static CO2-flooded crude oil foams by ultrasonic vibration[J]. Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering,2017,42(5):1679−1685. DOI: 10.1007/s13369-016-2277-1
[8] 郑黎明,蒲春生,李悦静,等. 低频振动对低渗油藏径向渗流影响的变参量 Biot固结分析[J]. 岩土工程学报,2017,39(4):752−758. DOI: 10.11779/CJGE201704022 ZHENG Liming,PU Chunsheng,LI Yuejing,et al. Biot’s consolidation with variables for influence of low-frequency vibration stimulation on radial flow in low-permeability developed reservoir[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2017,39(4):752−758. DOI: 10.11779/CJGE201704022
[9] 李成武,孙晓元,高天宝,等. 煤岩体振动破坏试验及微震信号特征[J]. 煤炭学报,2015,40(8):1834−1844. LI Chengwu,SUN Xiaoyuan,GAO Tianbao,et al. Coal and rock vibration failure and the characteristics of micro-seismic signals[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2015,40(8):1834−1844.
[10] 张苏,王金贵. 水分侵蚀条件下煤岩自振频率变化规律研究[J]. 煤矿安全,2019,50(12):6−9. ZHANG Su,WANG Jingui. Study on variation law of natural vibration frequency of coal under water erosion condition[J]. Safety in Coal Mines,2019,50(12):6−9.
[11] 赵勇,李熙琪,刘军. 低频振动对低渗透砂岩试样铀浸出过程孔隙率的影响[J]. 岩土工程学报,2021,43(8):1526−1535. DOI: 10.11779/CJGE202108018 ZHAO Yong,LI Xiqi,LIU Jun. Effect of low-frequency vibration on porosity of low-permeability sandstone samples during uranium leaching process[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2021,43(8):1526−1535. DOI: 10.11779/CJGE202108018
[12] 任永婕,魏建平,温志辉,等. 煤岩自振频率的影响因素试验研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报,2021,31(8):104−111. REN Yongjie,WEI Jianping,WEN Zhihui,et al. Experimental research on influencing factors of natural frequency of coal[J]. China Safety Science Journal,2021,31(8):104−111.
[13] 魏建平,张俊昭,温志辉,等. 基于层理和煤阶影响的煤体固有频率特征研究[J]. 河南理工大学学报(自然科学版),2023,42(1):1−8. WEI Jianping,ZHANG Junzhao,WEN Zhihui,et al. Study on natural frequency characteristics of coal based on the influence of bedding and coal rank[J]. Journal of Henan Polytechnic University (Natural Science),2023,42(1):1−8.
[14] WEN Zhihui,ZHANG Libo,WEI Jianping,et al. Study on natural frequency response characteristics of coal vibration excited by simple harmonic wave[J]. Scientific Reports,2022,12:14892. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19110-x
[15] WEI Jianping,ZHANG Junzhao,WEN Zhihui,et al. Natural frequency of coal:Mathematical model,test,and analysis on influencing factors[J]. Geofluids,2022,2022:7891894.
[16] 李树刚,赵勇,许满贵. 低频机械振动含瓦斯煤孔隙率方程及其试验[J]. 煤炭学报,2016,41(10):2612−2619. LI Shugang,ZHAO Yong,XU Mangui. Gas porosity formula under low frequency vibration and its testing analysis[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2016,41(10):2612−2619.
[17] 宋洋,李征,李永启,等. 低频振动影响下煤岩渗透特性及细观破裂试验[J]. 辽宁工程技术大学学报(自然科学版),2019,38(5):390−395. SONG Yang,LI Zheng,LI Yongqi,et al. Permeability characteristics and Meso-fractures test of coal and rock under the influence of low frequency vibration[J]. Journal of Liaoning Technical University (Natural Science),2019,38(5):390−395.
[18] 宋洋,李征,崔迪,等. 煤岩低频振动渗透特性及受载破裂过程分析[J]. 辽宁工程技术大学学报(自然科学版),2019,38(4):295−300. SONG Yang,LI Zheng,CUI Di,et al. Low-frequency vibration per-meability characteristics of coal and rock and analysis of loaded fracture process[J]. Journal of Liaoning Technical University (Natural Science),2019,38(4):295−300.
[19] ZHU Bairu,SONG Yang,WU Beining,et al. Experimental study on the effects of vibrational frequency on the permeability of gas-containing coal rocks[J]. Archives of Mining Sciences,2021,66(2):265−278.
[20] 申茂良. 低频机械振动作用下煤粒孔隙结构演化及瓦斯解吸扩散特性实验研究[D]. 淮南:安徽理工大学,2022. SHEN Maoliang. Experimental study on pore structure evolution of coal particles and gas desorption and diffusion characteristics under low frequency mechanical vibration[D]. Huainan:Anhui University of Science & Technology,2022.
[21] 李树刚,赵勇,张天军. 基于低频振动的煤样吸附/解吸特性测试系统[J]. 煤炭学报,2010,35(7):1142−1146. LI Shugang,ZHAO Yong,ZHANG Tianjun. Test systems of the coal sample adsorption/desorption characteristics based on low-frequency vibration[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2010,35(7):1142−1146.
[22] 李树刚,赵勇,张天军. 低频机械振动影响煤样吸附特性研究[J]. 中国矿业大学学报,2012,41(6):873−877. LI Shugang,ZHAO Yong,ZHANG Tianjun. Adsorption properties of coal in the presence of low-frequency mechanical vibration[J]. Journal of China University of Mining & Technology,2012,41(6):873−877.
[23] 曹伟伟,温欣,张晓彬,等. 振动频率对含瓦斯煤渗透特性的影响及模型验证[J]. 矿业安全与环保,2022,49(3):39−44. CAO Weiwei,WEN Xin,ZHANG Xiaobin,et al. Influence of vibration frequency on permeability characteristics of coal containing gas and model verification[J]. Mining Safety & Environmental Protection,2022,49(3):39−44.
[24] 陈学习,金霏阳,申茂良,等. 受振粒煤瓦斯扩散特性实验研究[J]. 煤矿安全,2022,53(10):9−14. CHEN Xuexi,JIN Feiyang,SHEN Maoliang,et al. Experimental study on gas diffusion characteristics of vibrating granular coal[J]. Safety in Coal Mines,2022,53(10):9−14.
[25] SHEN Maoliang,CHEN Xuexi,XU Yong. Effect of mechanical vibration with different frequencies on pore structure and fractal characteristics in lean coal[J]. Shock and Vibration,2021,2021:5587592.
[26] SHEN Maoliang,CHEN Xuexi. Influence rules and mechanisms of mechanical vibration at different frequencies on dynamic process of gas diffusion from coal particles[J]. Energy Exploration & Exploitation,2021,39(6):1939−1957.
[27] CHEN Xuexi,ZHANG Liang,SHEN Maoliang. Experimental research on desorption characteristics of gas-bearing coal subjected to mechanical vibration[J]. Energy Exploration & Exploitation,2020,38(5):1454−1466.
[28] 赵勇. 低频机械振动含瓦斯煤耦合场渗流特性研究[D]. 西安:西安科技大学,2015. ZHAO Yong. Study on seepage characteristics of gas-bearing coal coupling field under low frequency mechanical vibration[D]. Xi’an:Xi’an University of Science and Technology,2015.
[29] WEI Jianping,REN Yongjie,WEN Zhihui,et al. A new permeability model under the influence of low-frequency vibration on coal:Development and verification[J]. Transport in Porous Media,2022,145(3):761−787. DOI: 10.1007/s11242-022-01874-5
[30] 张村,方尚鑫,贾胜,等. 基于CT扫描的三维重构煤体加载损伤演化特征及尺寸效应[J]. 矿业科学学报,2024,9(3):413−425. ZHANG Cun,FANG Shangxin,JIA Sheng,et al. Damage evolution characteristics of 3D-reconstructed coal during loading and its size effects based on CT scanning[J]. Journal of Mining Science and Technology,2024,9(3):413−425.
[31] DUAN Minke,JIANG Changbao,GAN Quan,et al. Experimental investigation on the permeability,acoustic emission and energy dissipation of coal under tiered cyclic unloading[J]. Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering,2020,73:103054. DOI: 10.1016/j.jngse.2019.103054
[32] 魏建平,毋新亮,温志辉,等. 低频振动激励含瓦斯煤孔裂隙变化特征研究[J]. 中国安全生产科学技术,2023,19(11):55−62. WEI Jianping,WU Xinliang,WEN Zhihui,et al. Study on change characteristics of gas-containing coal pores and fissures under low frequency vibration excitation[J]. Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2023,19(11):55−62.
-
期刊类型引用(4)
1. 单蕊，张广忠，聂爱兰. 基于OVT域的五维高密度地震数据陷落柱识别应用. 能源与环保. 2024(05): 91-96 . 
百度学术
2. 张平松，欧元超. 煤层采动底板突水物理模拟试验研究进展与展望. 煤田地质与勘探. 2024(06): 44-56 . 本站查看
3. 尚慧. 晋城西北矿区底板隔水层采动影响模拟研究. 重庆科技学院学报(自然科学版). 2023(04): 13-20 . 百度学术
4. 绪瑞华，张冲冲. 工作面隐伏构造槽波地震探测技术分析. 能源技术与管理. 2022(02): 177-179 . 百度学术
其他类型引用(0)
计量
- 文章访问数: 94
- HTML全文浏览量: 6
- PDF下载量: 22
- 被引次数: 4
