Investigation and comprehensive utilization of resources in closed coal mines in Anhui Province, China
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摘要:
【目的】在煤炭资源持续高强度开发与能源供给侧结构性改革的背景下，安徽省关闭了一批资源枯竭、产能落后的煤矿，而关闭煤矿仍赋存有地下空间、遗煤、瓦斯、矿井水、土地与基础设施设备等资源，开展关闭煤矿资源再利用具有现实的工程价值和经济效益。【方法】统计自2013年以来安徽省59座关闭煤矿基础信息和再利用现状，分析关闭煤矿分布特征、遗留资源与再利用潜力；构建安徽省关闭煤矿数据库与WebGIS云平台，实现关闭煤矿信息查询分析与可视化；以潘一矿与石台煤矿为例，分别介绍遗留瓦斯抽采与半地下抽水蓄能的关闭煤矿再利用方案。【结果和结论】结果表明：安徽省关闭煤矿主要集中分布在两淮矿区，部分关闭煤矿关闭时间较短、遗留资源丰富、产权隶属清晰，再利用潜力较大；潘一关闭煤矿综合使用封闭墙压管抽采、原抽采钻孔抽采和地面钻井抽采的立体化遗留瓦斯抽采技术，实施关闭煤矿采空区“排水−抽采−利用”的一体化工程，3年内累计抽采瓦斯量4 840万m3、发电8 590万kW·h、直接经济效益5 120万元，同时保障了相邻矿井的安全生产；石台关闭煤矿拟建设半地下抽水蓄能电站，地下空间可提供有效库容30万m3、装机容量35 MW。案例分析表明安徽省部分关闭煤矿资源再利用在技术经济上具有合理性，但仍需开展进一步深入研究。
Abstract:[Objective] With the continuously intensive exploitation of coal resources and the structural reform of energy supply, many coal mines in Anhui Province have been closed due to resource depletion or backward production capacity. However, the closed coal mines still host resources such as underground spaces, residual coals, gas, mine water, land, and infrastructure equipment. Hence, reutilizing the resources in closed coal mines holds significant engineering value and economic benefits. [Methods] Based on the basic information and current reutilization status of 59 coal mines in Anhui Province that have been closed since 2013, this study analyzed their distribution characteristics, residual resources, and reutilization potential. A database and a WebGIS cloud platform were developed for these closed coal mines, allowing for their information search, analysis, and visualization. This study explored the Pan-1 Coal Mine and Shitai Coal Mine as examples, presenting schemes for reutilizing these closed coal mines through residual gas drainage and semi-underground pumped storage. [Results and Conclusions] Key findings are as follows: (1) The closed coal mines in Anhui Province are primarily distributed in the Huainan and Huaibei areas. Some of them feature relatively short closure durations, abundant residual resources, and clear property rights, demonstrating considerable potential for resource reutilization. (2) For the closed Pan-1 Coal Mine, the implementation of the 3D residual gas drainage technique that combines sealed-wall pressurized drainage, drainage using original boreholes, and drainage through surface drilling enables integrated engineering involving drainage, gas drainage, and resource utilization within the goaf of the closed coal mine while ensuring the safe production of adjacent mines. As a result, the Pan-1 Coal Mine achieved a cumulative gas drainage of
4840 × 104 m3 and power generation of8590 × 104 kW·h within three years, resulting in direct economic benefits of5120 × 104 CNY. (3) For the closed Shitai Coal Mine, its underground space can provide an effective storage capacity of 30 × 104 m3, making it possible to transform into a semi-underground pumped storage power plant with an installed capacity of 35 MW. The case analyses indicate that some of the closed coal mines in Anhui Province manifest technical and economic feasibility in resource reutilization, and further research is required.-
Keywords:
- closed coal mine /
- WebGIS cloud platform /
- gas drainage /
- pumped storage /
- Anhui Province
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图 1 安徽省关闭煤矿地域分布
Fig. 1 Geographical distribution of closed coal mines in Anhui Province
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图 2 安徽省关闭煤矿基础信息统计分析
Fig. 2 Statistical analysis of the general information about closed coal mines in Anhui Province
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图 4 关闭煤矿云平台架构
Fig. 4 Cloud platform architecture for closed coal mines in Anhui Province
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图 5 安徽省关闭煤矿云平台示意
Fig. 5 Diagrams showing the cloud platform for closed coal mines in Anhui Province
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图 6 潘一与潘二、潘三矿联合排水与遗留瓦斯抽采
Fig. 6 Drainage and residual gas drainage in the Pan-1 Pan-2, and Pan-3 Coal Mine
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图 7 潘一矿南风井瓦斯纯抽采量曲线
Fig. 7 Curve showing the pure gas drainage in the southern ventilation shaft of the Pan-1 Coal Mine
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图 9 石台煤矿地下空间与暴露面积测算
Fig. 9 Measurement of underground space and rock exposure area in the Shitai Coal Mine
表 1 安徽省关闭煤矿情况统计
Table 1 Statistics of closed coal mines in Anhui Province
序号 煤矿名称 地点 退出产能/
(万 t·a−1)关闭时间 序号 煤矿名称 地点 退出产能/
(万 t·a−1)关闭时间 1 吉山煤矿 淮北市烈山区 18 2013 31 柴山煤矿 宿州市萧县 6 2014 2 九龙岗煤矿 淮南市大通区 15 2013 32 永青煤矿 宿州市萧县 6 2014 3 第四煤矿 淮南市八公山区 15 2013 33 费村煤矿 宿州市萧县 6 2014 4 曙光煤矿 淮南市大通区 9 2013 34 戴村煤矿 宿州市萧县 6 2014 5 梧南煤矿 淮北市杜集区 6 2013 35 曹村煤矿 宿州市埇桥区 5 2014 6 梧桐煤矿 淮北市杜集区 6 2013 36 平华煤矿 铜陵市铜陵县 5 2014 7 广安煤矿 淮北市烈山区 6 2013 37 新发煤矿 铜陵市铜陵县 4 2014 8 土型北煤矿 淮北市烈山区 6 2013 38 窦庄煤矿 淮北市杜集区 21 2015 9 第九煤矿 淮南市大通区 6 2013 39 永堌煤矿 宿州市萧县 18 2015 10 金诚煤矿 淮南市凤台县 6 2013 40 国通煤矿 淮北市濉溪县 15 2015 11 仙踪煤矿 马鞍山市含山县 6 2013 41 汉福矿业 宿州市萧县 11 2015 12 石门黄煤矿 池州市贵池区 6 2013 42 贝尔矿业 宿州市萧县 11 2015 13 琅山煤矿 池州市贵池区 6 2013 43 百善煤矿 淮北市濉溪县 150 2016 14 共和煤矿 池州市贵池区 6 2013 44 谢一矿* 淮南市谢家集区 330 2016 15 长青煤矿 安庆市迎江区 5 2013 45 李嘴孜煤矿 淮南市八公山区 90 2016 16 林新煤矿 池州市贵池区 4 2013 46 袁庄煤矿 淮北市杜集区 70 2016 17 北杨煤矿 淮北市烈山区 15 2014 47 刘店煤矿 亳州市涡阳县 150 2016 18 房庄煤矿 淮北市杜集区 12 2014 48 海孜煤矿 淮北市濉溪县 120 2016 19 土型煤矿 淮北市烈山区 10 2014 49 新庄孜煤矿 淮南市八公山区 400 2017 20 八区五矿 淮南市八公山区 9 2014 50 刘桥一矿 淮北市濉溪县 140 2017 21 唐山三矿 淮南市谢家集区 9 2014 51 新光金石煤矿 淮北市杜集区 45 2017 22 吴庄煤矿 淮北市杜集区 9 2014 52 岱河煤矿 淮北市杜集区 120 2017 23 新杨煤矿 淮北市烈山区 9 2014 53 潘一矿* 淮南市潘集区 600 2018 24 忠辉煤矿 宿州市萧县 7 2014 54 卧龙湖煤矿 淮北市烈山区 90 2018 25 八公山六号井 淮南市八公山区 6 2014 55 杨庄煤矿* 淮北市杜集区 210 2019 26 新杨煤矿 淮南市八公山区 6 2014 56 朔里煤矿* 淮北市杜集区 165 2019 27 沈巷煤矿 淮南市八公山区 6 2014 57 朱庄煤矿* 淮北市杜集区 160 “十四五” 28 赵郢孜煤矿 淮南市谢家集区 6 2014 58 双龙煤矿 淮北市杜集区 66 “十四五” 29 李郢孜镇煤矿 淮南市谢家集区 6 2014 59 石台煤矿* 淮北市杜集区 70 “十四五” 30 赖山三矿 淮南市谢家集区 6 2014 注：*表示再利用价值较高的关闭煤矿。 
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表 2 安徽省关闭煤矿再利用项目
Table 2 Projects for resource reutilization of closed coal mines in Anhui Province
煤矿名称 进度 再利用项目 谢一矿 在建 0.718 km2的地面工业广场及配套资产移交给市建发集团做后续开发利用 建成 采煤塌陷区建成20 MW的漂浮式光伏发电站 潘一矿 建成 遗留瓦斯抽采 在建 保留了通风、运输、抽采、压风等系统，建设“潘一东千米深井原位实验室” 杨庄煤矿
朱庄煤矿建成 塌陷区生态修复为4A级景区“南湖国家城市湿地公园” 朔里煤矿 建成 组建“金岩高岭土新材料有限公司”，开发伴生高岭土 袁庄煤矿 在建 利用闲置工业广场建设“万茂智能制造产业园” 岱河煤矿 建成 沉陷区通过复垦造地面积约2.667 km2，沉陷深度在0.5~2 m以内区域开展水产养殖 石台煤矿 规划 半地下抽水蓄能电站 建成 工业广场改造为“淮北矿业集团零碳智慧物流产业园”
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表 3 煤矿产能与地下空间的比例系数
Table 3 Proportion coefficients between the production capacity and underground space of closed coal mines
关闭煤矿产能/(万 t·a−1) 比例系数 [0，30] 0.22 (30，120] 0.20 (120，500] 0.18 (500，1 000] 0.16
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表 4 安徽省关闭煤矿可利用地下空间估算
Table 4 Estimated available underground space of closed coal mines in Anhui Province
关闭煤矿产能/
(万 t·a−1)关闭煤矿数目 退出产能/
(万 t·a−1)可利用地下
空间/万 m3[0，30] 42 356 78.32 (30，120] 8 671 120.78 (120，500] 7 1 305 234.90 (500，1 000] 2 1 000 160.00
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