基于煤储层水力压裂动态渗透率变化的压裂效果评价方法及其应用

Evaluation method and application of fracturing effect based on dynamic permeability change of coal reservoir hydraulic fracturing

  • 摘要: 压裂施工曲线是反映压裂效果的重要依据,而压裂阶段储层渗透率的动态变化能够更直观地反映造缝效果。借鉴试井渗透率测试原理,建立一种压裂阶段储层动态渗透率定量评价方法,并将该方法应用到准南某区块2口煤层气井水力压裂效果评价中,获得压裂阶段储层动态渗透率曲线;同时采用G函数对压裂效果进一步评价。结果表明:动态渗透率曲线所反映压裂效果与G函数分析和基于排量、井底流压关系的评价结果吻合较好,能够反映储层内裂缝开启、延伸效果;其中,CMG-01井通过实施煤储层与围岩大规模缝网改造,压裂阶段储层渗透率最高达到2.5 μm2,造缝效果良好;而CBM-02井实施煤储层常规水力压裂,储层渗透率保持在1.8 μm2之下,显示出煤储层常规水力压裂与煤储层−围岩大规模缝网改造的差异性。动态渗透率定量评价方法弥补前期压裂改造效果缺乏量化评价的不足,为煤层气/煤系气储层水力压裂工艺的优化提供依据。

     

    Abstract: The fracturing construction curve is considered to be an important basis for reflecting the fracturing effect, while the dynamic change of reservoir permeability in the fracturing stage can more intuitively reflect the effect of fracture formation. In this paper, a quantitative evaluation method for reservoir dynamic permeability in fracturing stage was established based on the principle of well testing. Then, the method was applied to evaluate the fracturing effect of two coalbed methane (CBM) wells in a block in southern Junggar Basin, and the dynamic permeability curve of reservoir during fracturing stage is obtained. Meanwhile, the G-function method was used to further evaluate the fracturing effect. The results show that the fracturing effect reflected by the dynamic permeability curve is consistent with the G-function analysis and the evaluation results based on the relationship between displacement and bottom hole pressure, which can reflect the opening and extension effects of fractures in the reservoir. Large-scale fracture network transformation of coal reservoirs and surrounding rocks was implemented in Well CMG-01, and the reservoir permeability in the fracturing stage was up to 2.5 μm2, showing a good fracturing effect. While the reservoir permeability of CBM-02 Well was kept below 1.8 μm2 after conventional hydraulic fracturing was performed in the coal reservoir. There are significant differences between conventional hydraulic fracturing of coal reservoirs and large-scale fracture network reconstruction of coal reservoirs and surrounding rocks. The formation of the quantitative evaluation method for reservoir dynamic permeability in fracturing stage can make up for the lack of quantitative evaluation of the fracturing effect, which provides a basis for optimizing hydraulic fracturing technologies of CBM or coal measure gas wells.

     

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